向量检索-SearchByVector--向量数据库VikingDB-火山引擎

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向量检索-SearchByVector

最近更新时间：2025.10.15 11:25:06首次发布时间：2025.08.15 11:43:29

概述

接口用于实现向量检索。向量检索是一种基于向量空间模型的检索方法，通过计算向量之间的相似度进行检索。在一个给定向量数据集中，向量检索按照某种度量方式（比如内积、欧式距离），对向量构建的一种时间和空间上比较高效的数据结构，能够高效地检索出与目标向量相似的 K 个向量。

请求接口

说明

请求向量数据库 VikingDB 的 OpenAPI 接口时，可以使用 ak、sk 构造签名进行鉴权。请参见数据面API调用流程，复制调用示例并填入必要信息

URI	/api/vikingdb/data/search/vector	统一资源标识符
方法	POST	客户端对向量数据库服务器请求的操作类型
请求头	Content-Type: application/json	请求消息类型
请求头	Authorization: HMAC-SHA256 ***	鉴权

请求体参数

仅列出本接口特有的参数。更多信息请参见检索公共参数。

参数名	必选	类型	备注
dense_vector	是	list	检索的稠密向量。
sparse_vector	否	map<string,float32>	检索的稀疏向量。

请求响应示例

1.稠密向量检索

请求参数

req_path = "/api/vikingdb/data/search/vector"
req_body = {
    "collection_name": "test_coll",
    "index_name": "idx_1",
    "dense_vector": [0.1243, -0.344345, 0.43232, ......],
    "limit": 2
}

响应参数

{
    "code": "Success",
    "message": "The API call was executed successfully.",
    "request_id": "02175438839168500000000000000000000ffff0a003ee4fc3499",
    "result": {
        "data": [
            {
                "id": "uid_001",
                "fields": {
                    "f_good_id": "uid_001", "f_price": 999000
                },
                "score": 9.899999618530273,
                "ann_score": 9.899999618530273
            },
            {
                "id": "uid_002",
                "fields": {
                    "f_good_id": "uid_002", "f_price": 309000
                },
                "score": 8.324234999961,
                "ann_score": 8.324234999961,
            }
        ],
        "total_return_count": 2
    }
}

2.稠密+稀疏向量检索

请求参数

req_path = "/api/vikingdb/data/search/vector"
req_body = {
    "collection_name": "test_coll",
    "index_name": "idx_1",
    "dense_vector": [0.1243, -0.344345, 0.43232, ......],
    "sparse_vector": {"宋": 0.1, "官窑": 0.5}
    "limit": 2
}

响应参数

{
    "code": "Success",
    "message": "The API call was executed successfully.",
    "request_id": "02175438839168500000000000000000000ffff0a003ee4fc3499",
    "result": {
        "data": [
            {
                "id": "uid_001",
                "fields": {
                    "f_good_id": "uid_001", "f_price": 999000
                },
                "score": 10.899999618530273,
                "ann_score": 10.899999618530273
            },
            {
                "id": "uid_002",
                "fields": {
                    "f_good_id": "uid_002", "f_price": 309000
                },
                "score": 4.324234999961,
                "ann_score": 4.324234999961,
            }
        ],
        "total_return_count": 2
    }
}

请求模版

"""
pip3 install volcengine
"""
import os

from volcengine.auth.SignerV4 import SignerV4
from volcengine.Credentials import Credentials
from volcengine.base.Request import Request
import requests, json

class ClientForDataApi:
    def __init__(self, ak, sk, host):
        self.ak = ak
        self.sk = sk
        self.host = host

    def prepare_request(self, method, path, params=None, data=None):
        r = Request()
        r.set_shema("https")
        r.set_method(method)
        r.set_connection_timeout(10)
        r.set_socket_timeout(10)
        mheaders = {
            'Accept': 'application/json',
            'Content-Type': 'application/json',
            'Host': self.host,
        }
        r.set_headers(mheaders)
        if params:
            r.set_query(params)
        r.set_host(self.host)
        r.set_path(path)
        if data is not None:
            r.set_body(json.dumps(data))
        credentials = Credentials(self.ak, self.sk, 'vikingdb', 'cn-beijing')
        SignerV4.sign(r, credentials)
        return r
        
    def do_req(self, req_method, req_path, req_params, req_body):
        req = self.prepare_request(method=req_method, path=req_path, params=req_params, data=req_body)
        return requests.request(method=req.method, url="http://{}{}".format(self.host, req.path),
                                  headers=req.headers, data=req.body, timeout=10000)

if __name__ == '__main__':
    client = ClientForDataApi(
        ak = "*",#替换为您的ak
        sk = "*",#替换为您的sk
        host = "api-vikingdb.vikingdb.cn-beijing.volces.com",#替换为您所在的域名
    )
    req_method = "POST"
    req_params = None
    req_path = "/api/vikingdb/data/search/vector"
    req_body = {
        "collection_name": "test_coll",
        "index_name": "idx_1",
        "dense_vector": [0.1243, -0.344345, 0.43232, ......],#查询的向量
        "limit": 2
    }
        result = client.do_req(req_method=req_method, req_path=req_path, req_params=req_params, req_body=req_body)
    print("req http status code: ", result.status_code)
    print("req result: \n", result.text)