Elasticsearch 提供了功能全面的 RESTful API 与实例交互。火山引擎云搜索服务提供 VPC 的接入地址，您可以通过与该地址在同一 VPC 下的 ECS 访问实例。本文介绍如何通过 API 访问 ES 实例。
访问前请确认安全组对应端口是否已经放开。
您可通过 curl 命令测试实例是否可以正常访问，不支持通过 ping 测试连通性。
curl action -u user:password host user：登录实例的访问用名。 password：登录实例用户名的密码。 host：实例的内网或公网访问地址，可在实例信息页面获取。
curl 命令中加入 --insecure 参数。本文中以内网地址访问为例，说明访问命令。
注意
以下命令以 7.10.2 版本 ES 实例示例，部分命令低版本不支持。
输入以下命令：
# 默认开启 ES 用户登录认证，请注意输入用户名密码。 curl -XGET -u user:password http://192.168.*.*:9200
返回如下类似信息，表示实例访问正常，具体参数的值会根据实例的版本有所不同。
{ "name" : "es-master-wq83vr6wv6w0****-2", "cluster_name" : "wq83vr6wv6w0d1hu", "cluster_uuid" : "97uFBD01TZuA_pyDT6****", "version" : { "number" : "7.10.2", "build_flavor" : "oss", "build_type" : "tar", "build_hash" : "2f32220", "build_date" : "2019-04-02T15:59:27.961366Z", "build_snapshot" : false, "lucene_version" : "8.7.0", "minimum_wire_compatibility_version" : "6.8.0", "minimum_index_compatibility_version" : "6.0.0-beta1" }, "tagline" : "You Know, for Search" }
输入以下命令，创建一个名为customer的索引，并在索引中添加id为 1 的文档。
# 默认开启 ES 用户登录认证，请注意输入用户名密码。 curl -XPUT -u admin:P_ssw0rd http://192.168.*.*:9200/customer/_doc/1 -H 'Content-Type: application/json' -d ' { "name": "张三", "address":"四川省成都市武侯区", "city":"成都", "age":28, "birthday":"1993-08-30", "level.viplevel":3, "level.viptype":"黄金会员" } '
返回信息如下：
{ "_index":"customer", "_type":"_doc", "_id":"1", "_version":1, "result":"created", "_shards":{ "total":2, "successful":1, "failed":0 }, "created":true }
输入以下命令，在索引中批量添加文档。
# 默认开启 ES 用户登录认证，请注意输入用户名密码。 curl -XPOST -u admin:P_ssw0rd http://192.168.*.*:9200/_bulk -H 'Content-Type: application/json' -d ' {"index" : { "_index": "customer","_id":2} } {"name":"李四","address":"北京市海淀区","city":"北京","age":"23","birthday":"1998-01-01","level":{"viplevel":3,"viptype":"黄金会员"}} {"index" : { "_index": "customer","_id":3} } {"name":"王五","address":"浙江省内杭州市滨江区","city":"杭州","age":"30","birthday":"1991-05-05","level":{"viplevel":5,"viptype":"钻石会员"}} '
返回信息如下：
{"took":15,"errors":false,"items":[{"index":{"_index":"customer","_type":"_doc","_id":"2","_version":2,"result":"created","_shards":{"total":2,"successful":2,"failed":0},"_seq_no":6,"_primary_term":1,"status":200}},{"index":{"_index":"customer","_type":"_doc","_id":"3","_version":2,"result":"created","_shards":{"total":2,"successful":2,"failed":0},"_seq_no":7,"_primary_term":1,"status":200}}]}
重新执行创建单个文档的命令，即可更新对应 id 的文档。
更新文档后，返回如下类似代码：
{ "_index":"customer", "_type":"_doc", "_id":"1", "_version":1, "result":"updated", "_shards":{ "total":2, "successful":1, "failed":0 }, "_seq_no":9, "_primary_term":1 }
curl -XGET -u admin:P_ssw0rd 'http://192.168.*.*:9200/customer/_doc/1?pretty' -H 'Content-Type: application/json'
返回信息如下：
{ "_index" : "customer", "_type" : "_doc", "_id" : "1", "_version" : 6, "_seq_no" : 9, "_primary_term" : 1, "found" : true, "_source" : { "name" : "张三", "address" : "四川省成都市武侯区", "city" : "成都", "age" : 28, "birthday" : "1993-08-30", "level.viplevel" : 3, "level.viptype" : "黄金会员" } }
curl -XGET -u admin:P_ssw0rd 'https://192.168.*.*:9200/customer/_doc/_search?pretty' -H 'Content-Type: application/json'
返回信息如下：
{ "took" : 5, "timed_out" : false, "_shards" : { "total" : 1, "successful" : 1, "skipped" : 0, "failed" : 0 }, "hits" : { "total" : { "value" : 3, "relation" : "eq" }, "max_score" : 1.0, "hits" : [ { "_index" : "customer", "_type" : "_doc", "_id" : "2", "_score" : 1.0, "_source" : { "name" : "李四", "address" : "北京市海淀区", "city" : "北京", "age" : "23", "birthday" : "1998-01-01", "level" : { "viplevel" : 3, "viptype" : "黄金会员" } } }, { "_index" : "customer", "_type" : "_doc", "_id" : "3", "_score" : 1.0, "_source" : { "name" : "王五", "address" : "浙江省内杭州市滨江区", "city" : "杭州", "age" : "30", "birthday" : "1991-05-05", "level" : { "viplevel" : 5, "viptype" : "钻石会员" } } }, { "_index" : "customer", "_type" : "_doc", "_id" : "1", "_score" : 1.0, "_source" : { "name" : "张三", "address" : "四川省成都市武侯区", "city" : "成都", "age" : 28, "birthday" : "1993-08-30", "level.viplevel" : 3, "level.viptype" : "黄金会员" } } ] } }
您可以构建命令，实现更为复杂的查询。
例如，一般较为熟悉的 SQL 查询语句select * from customer where level.viplevel=5。该语句便可以通过构建以下命令来实现相同的查询结果。
curl -XGET -u admin:P_ssw0rd 'https://192.168.*.*:9200/customer/_doc/_search?pretty' -H 'Content-Type: application/json' -d ' { "query" : { "constant_score" : { "filter" : { "term" : { "level.viplevel" : 5 } } } } }'
返回信息如下：
{ "took" : 4, "timed_out" : false, "_shards" : { "total" : 1, "successful" : 1, "skipped" : 0, "failed" : 0 }, "hits" : { "total" : { "value" : 1, "relation" : "eq" }, "max_score" : 1.0, "hits" : [ { "_index" : "customer", "_type" : "_doc", "_id" : "3", "_score" : 1.0, "_source" : { "name" : "王五", "address" : "浙江省内杭州市滨江区", "city" : "杭州", "age" : "30", "birthday" : "1991-05-05", "level" : { "viplevel" : 5, "viptype" : "钻石会员" } } } ] } }
您可以构建命令，实现复杂的聚合查询。
例如，一般较为熟悉的 SQL 查询语句select level.viplevel, count(1) from customer group by level.viplevel。该语句便可以通过构建以下命令来实现相同的查询结果。
curl -XGET -u admin:P_ssw0rd 'https://192.168.*.*:9200/customer/_doc/_search?pretty' -H 'Content-Type: application/json' -d' { "size" : 0, "aggs" : { "vip_level" : { "terms" : { "field" : "level.viplevel" } } } }'
返回信息如下：
{ "took" : 3, "timed_out" : false, "_shards" : { "total" : 1, "successful" : 1, "skipped" : 0, "failed" : 0 }, "hits" : { "total" : { "value" : 3, "relation" : "eq" }, "max_score" : null, "hits" : [ ] }, "aggregations" : { "vip_level" : { "doc_count_error_upper_bound" : 0, "sum_other_doc_count" : 0, "buckets" : [ { "key" : 3, "doc_count" : 2 }, { "key" : 5, "doc_count" : 1 } ] } } }
curl -XDELETE -u admin:P_ssw0rd 'https://192.168.*.*:9200/customer/_doc/1?pretty' -H 'Content-Type: application/json'
返回信息如下：
{ "_index" : "customer", "_type" : "_doc", "_id" : "1", "_version" : 7, "result" : "deleted", "_shards" : { "total" : 2, "successful" : 2, "failed" : 0 }, "_seq_no" : 10, "_primary_term" : 1 }
curl -XDELETE -u admin:P_ssw0rd 'https://192.168.*.*:9200/customer?pretty' -H 'Content-Type: application/json'
返回信息如下：
{ "acknowledged" : true }