如何给予角色而不指定角色的确切名称

在编程中，可以使用抽象类、接口、泛型或多态等方式来给予角色而不指定角色的确切名称。下面是一些示例代码：

1. 使用抽象类：

abstract class Character {
    public abstract void attack();
}

class Warrior extends Character {
    @Override
    public void attack() {
        System.out.println("Warrior attacks with a sword.");
    }
}

class Mage extends Character {
    @Override
    public void attack() {
        System.out.println("Mage casts a fireball.");
    }
}

public class Main {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        Character player1 = new Warrior();
        Character player2 = new Mage();
        
        player1.attack();
        player2.attack();
    }
}

2. 使用接口：

interface Character {
    void attack();
}

class Warrior implements Character {
    @Override
    public void attack() {
        System.out.println("Warrior attacks with a sword.");
    }
}

class Mage implements Character {
    @Override
    public void attack() {
        System.out.println("Mage casts a fireball.");
    }
}

public class Main {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        Character player1 = new Warrior();
        Character player2 = new Mage();
        
        player1.attack();
        player2.attack();
    }
}

3. 使用泛型：

class Character<T> {
    private T role;

    public Character(T role) {
        this.role = role;
    }

    public void attack() {
        System.out.println(role + " attacks.");
    }
}

public class Main {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        Character<String> player1 = new Character<>("Warrior");
        Character<String> player2 = new Character<>("Mage");
        
        player1.attack();
        player2.attack();
    }
}

4. 使用多态：

class Character {
    public void attack() {
        System.out.println("Character attacks.");
    }
}

class Warrior extends Character {
    @Override
    public void attack() {
        System.out.println("Warrior attacks with a sword.");
    }
}

class Mage extends Character {
    @Override
    public void attack() {
        System.out.println("Mage casts a fireball.");
    }
}

public class Main {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        Character player1 = new Warrior();
        Character player2 = new Mage();
        
        player1.attack();
        player2.attack();
    }
}

这些示例代码演示了如何通过抽象类、接口、泛型或多态来给予角色而不指定角色的确切名称。通过这些方法，可以更灵活地定义和使用角色，而不需要明确指定它们的具体类型。