弹性伸缩IAM策略类型

本文为您介绍IAM策略的类型及弹性伸缩相关的策略，以帮助您快速了解IAM策略。IAM策略支持系统预设策略和自定义策略两种类型，您可直接使用系统预设策略为IAM身份授权，但系统预设策略有限若无法满足您的需求，您可通过自定义策略精准授权，灵活管控账号资源。

系统预设策略

IAM平台已提前为您设置了关于弹性伸缩的默认策略，您可为直接为IAM身份（IAM用户、用户组或角色）授权系统预设策略。系统预设策略只能用于授权，不可编辑和修改。

弹性伸缩系统预设策略

弹性伸缩常用操作与系统策略的关系

弹性伸缩功能依赖的角色或策略

弹性伸缩产品系统预设策略详情

AutoScalingFullAccess

{
    "Statement": [
        {
            "Effect": "Allow",
            "Action": [
                "auto_scaling:*"
            ],
            "Resource": [
                "*"
            ]
        }
    ]
}

AutoScalingReadOnlyAccess

{
    "Statement": [
        {
            "Effect": "Allow",
            "Action": [
                "auto_scaling:Get*",
                "auto_scaling:*Describe*",
                "auto_scaling:*List*"
            ],
            "Resource": [
                "*"
            ]
        }
    ]
}

AutoScalingConsoleFullAccess

{
    "Statement": [
        {
            "Effect": "Allow",
            "Action": [
                "ecs:Get*",
                "ecs:*Describe*",
                "ecs:*List*",
                "clb:Get*",
                "clb:*Describe*",
                "clb:*List*",
                "vpc:Get*",
                "vpc:*Describe*",
                "vpc:*List*",
                "storage_ebs:Get*",
                "storage_ebs:*Describe*",
                "storage_ebs:*List*",
                "rds_mysql:Get*",
                "rds_mysql:*Describe*",
                "rds_mysql:*List*",
                "volc_observe:Get*",
                "volc_observe:*Describe*",
                "volc_observe:*List*",
                "auto_scaling:*"
            ],
            "Resource": [
                "*"
            ]
        }
    ]
}

AutoScalingReadOnlyAccess

{
    "Statement": [
        {
            "Effect": "Allow",
            "Action": [
                "ecs:Get*",
                "ecs:*Describe*",
                "ecs:*List*",
                "clb:Get*",
                "clb:*Describe*",
                "clb:*List*",
                "vpc:Get*",
                "vpc:*Describe*",
                "vpc:*List*",
                "storage_ebs:Get*",
                "storage_ebs:*Describe*",
                "storage_ebs:*List*",
                "rds_mysql:Get*",
                "rds_mysql:*Describe*",
                "rds_mysql:*List*",
                "volc_observe:Get*",
                "volc_observe:*Describe*",
                "volc_observe:*List*",
                "auto_scaling:Get*",
                "auto_scaling:*Describe*",
                "auto_scaling:*List*"
            ],
            "Resource": [
                "*"
            ]
        }
    ]
}

弹性伸缩产品跨服务授权策略详情

{
    "Statement": [
        {
            "Effect": "Allow",
            "Action": [
                "ecs:DescribeInstances",
                "ecs:GetInstance",
                "ecs:CreateInstances",
                "ecs:DeleteInstance",
                "ecs:DeleteInstances",
                "ecs:DescribeInstanceTypes",
                "ecs:DescribeKeyPair",
                "ecs:DescribeImages",
                "ecs:DescribeZones",
                "ecs:BindAssumeRole",
                "ecs:ModifyInstanceSpec",
                "ecs:StopInstance",
                "ecs:StartInstance",
                "ecs:DescribeAvailableResource",
                "ecs:DescribeHpcCluster",
                "ecs:CreateTags",
                "ecs:DeleteTags",
                "ecs:DescribeCommands",
                "ecs:InvokeCommand",
                "ecs:DescribeInvocations",
                "ecs:DescribeLaunchTemplateVersions",
                "ecs:CreateScheduledInstances",
                "ecs:DescribeScheduledInstances",
                "ecs:DescribeScheduledInstanceStock",
                "vpc:AllocateEipAddress",
                "vpc:AssociateEipAddress",
                "vpc:DisassociateEipAddress",
                "vpc:ReleaseEipAddress",
                "vpc:DescribeVpcs",
                "vpc:DescribeEipAddresses",
                "vpc:DescribeSubnetAttributes",
                "vpc:InnerGetLimitFromKeys",
                "vpc:DescribeSubnets",
                "vpc:DescribeBandwidthPackages",
                "vpc:RemoveBandwidthPackageIp",
                "clb:DescribeLoadBalancers",
                "clb:DescribeServerGroups",
                "clb:DescribeListenerHealth",
                "clb:DescribeListeners",
                "clb:AddServerGroupBackendServers",
                "clb:RemoveServerGroupBackendServers",
                "clb:DescribeServerGroupAttributes",
                "alb:DescribeLoadBalancers",
                "alb:DescribeServerGroups",
                "alb:AddServerGroupBackendServers",
                "alb:RemoveServerGroupBackendServers",
                "alb:DescribeServerGroupAttributes",
                "alb:DescribeListenerAttributes",
                "alb:DescribeListeners",
                "alb:DescribeListenerHealth",
                "volc_observe:GetMetricData",
                "rds_mysql:ListDBInstances",
                "rds_mysql:DescribeDBInstance",
                "rds_mysql:CreateDBInstanceIPList",
                "rds_mysql:ListDBInstanceIPLists",
                "rds_mysql:ModifyDBInstanceIPList",
                "rds_mysql:DeleteDBInstanceIPList",
                "rds_mysql:DescribeAllowLists",
                "rds_mysql:DescribeAllowListDetail",
                "rds_mysql:DeleteAllowList",
                "rds_mysql:ModifyAllowList",
                "rds_mysql:AssociateAllowList",
                "rds_mysql:DisassociateAllowList",
                "rds_mysql:CreateAllowList",
                "volc_observe:CreateRule",
                "volc_observe:DeleteRulesByIds",
                "volc_observe:UpdateRule",
                "volc_observe:ListRulesByIds",
                "storage_ebs:DescribeVolumes"
            ],
            "Resource": [
                "*"
            ]
        }
    ]
}

自定义策略

如果IAM设置的默认策略无法满足您的业务需求，您可以根据实际情况，创建您自己的IAM策略。自定义策略根据策略可绑定的主体不同分为基于身份的策略(Identity-based policies)和基于资源的策略（Resource-based policies）。

• 基于身份的策略：与IAM身份（用户、用户组或角色）绑定的策略称为“基于身份的策略”，用于为指定身份赋予访问云资源的权限，大部分场景仅需使用基于身份的策略。
• 基于资源的策略：与资源（非IAM身份）绑定的策略称为“基于资源的策略”，用于描述资源可被何种身份进行何种访问。目前火山引擎支持以下两种资源使用基于资源的策略：
  • 访问控制角色： 角色上基于资源的策略也称为信任策略（Trust policy）。
  • 对象存储桶：  存储桶上基于资源的策略也称为桶策略。

新建自定义策略

• 可视化策略编辑器：提供所见即所得的可视化策略编辑界面，无需深入了解策略语法，在界面中选择效果、服务、操作、资源、条件等策略内容，自动生成策略语法，优先推荐使用。
• JSON编辑器：提供JSON语法的编辑器，您需根据策略语法规则自定义生成策略，适用于对策略语法较为熟悉的用户。

自定义策略语法

自定义策略语法通过策略元素定义策略的权限，自定义“基于身份的策略”和“基于资源的策略”时，策略元素有所区别。

• 更多策略语法的介绍，请参见IAM策略语法。
• 自定义策略时特定位置可使用通配符或变量，从而定义出更灵活、更复杂的权限规则。更多介绍，请参见变量与通配符。
• 我们为您提供使用弹性伸缩常用的一些自定义策略示例供您参考，具体请参见自定义策略语法示例。