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管理文件元数据
最近更新时间:2024.01.15 15:20:44首次发布时间:2022.09.28 16:17:40

文件元数据是一组描述文件属性的健值对。元数据分为 HTTP 标准属性和用户自定义两类。本文介绍文件元数据的说明及设置文件元数据的操作步骤。

HTTP 标准属性

名称

说明

是否可修改

Content-Disposition

指定浏览器访问文件时的展示形式,是以内联形式(即网页或者页面的一部分),还是以附件的形式下载保存到本地:
当该值设置为 attachment;filename="test.png",表示下载文件到本地,并以 test.png 文件名进行保存。

Content-Encoding

指定文件被下载时的编码格式。
请按实际编码类型填写,否则可能导致解析编码失败。若文件未编码,该项无需设置。

Content-Language

指定文件内容使用的语言。

Content-Length

文件的大小,单位为字节。

Content-Type

指定文件的文件类型, 使用浏览器访问文件时,浏览器会根据 Content-Type 决定以何种形式打开该文件。
使用控制台和 SDK 等工具上传文件时,会根据文件的文件扩展名,匹配对应的 Content-Type。如果文件没有文件扩展名,则文件默认 Content-Type 为 application/octet-stream
Content-Type的常见类型,请参见常见的 Content-Type

Cache-Control

指定文件在浏览器上的缓存机制,取值说明如下:

  • 可缓冲性:public、private、no-cache、only-if-cached。
  • 到期时间:max-age=<seconds>、s-maxage=<seconds>、max-stale[=<seconds>]、min-fresh=<seconds>、stale-while-revalidate=<seconds>、stale-if-error=<seconds>。
  • 重新验证和重新加载:must-revalidate、proxy-revalidate、immutable。
  • 其他:no-store、no-transform。

Expires

缓存过期时间(GMT),若 Cache-Control 设置了 max-age=<seconds>, 则以 max-age 为准。

Last-Modified

文件的最后修改时间。

常见的 Content-Type

文件扩展名

Content-Type

文件扩展名

Content-Type

.*( 二进制流,不知道下载文件类型)

application/octet-stream

.tif

image/tiff

0.001

application/x-001

0.301

application/x-301

0.323

text/h323

0.906

application/x-906

0.907

drawing/907

.a11

application/x-a11

.acp

audio/x-mei-aac

.ai

application/postscript

.aif

audio/aiff

.aifc

audio/aiff

.aiff

audio/aiff

.anv

application/x-anv

.asa

text/asa

.asf

video/x-ms-asf

.asp

text/asp

.asx

video/x-ms-asf

.au

audio/basic

.avi

video/avi

.awf

application/vnd.adobe.workflow

.biz

text/xml

.bmp

application/x-bmp

.bot

application/x-bot

.c4t

application/x-c4t

.c90

application/x-c90

.cal

application/x-cals

.cat

application/vnd.ms-pki.seccat

.cdf

application/x-netcdf

.cdr

application/x-cdr

.cel

application/x-cel

.cer

application/x-x509-ca-cert

.cg4

application/x-g4

.cgm

application/x-cgm

.cit

application/x-cit

.class

java/*

.cml

text/xml

.cmp

application/x-cmp

.cmx

application/x-cmx

.cot

application/x-cot

.crl

application/pkix-crl

.crt

application/x-x509-ca-cert

.csi

application/x-csi

.css

text/css

.cut

application/x-cut

.dbf

application/x-dbf

.dbm

application/x-dbm

.dbx

application/x-dbx

.dcd

text/xml

.dcx

application/x-dcx

.der

application/x-x509-ca-cert

.dgn

application/x-dgn

.dib

application/x-dib

.dll

application/x-msdownload

.doc

application/msword

.dot

application/msword

.drw

application/x-drw

.dtd

text/xml

.dwf

Model/vnd.dwf

.dwf

application/x-dwf

.dwg

application/x-dwg

.dxb

application/x-dxb

.dxf

application/x-dxf

.edn

application/vnd.adobe.edn

.emf

application/x-emf

.eml

message/rfc822

.ent

text/xml

.epi

application/x-epi

.eps

application/x-ps

.eps

application/postscript

.etd

application/x-ebx

.exe

application/x-msdownload

.fax

image/fax

.fdf

application/vnd.fdf

.fif

application/fractals

.fo

text/xml

.frm

application/x-frm

.g4

application/x-g4

.gbr

application/x-gbr

.

application/x-

.gif

image/gif

.gl2

application/x-gl2

.gp4

application/x-gp4

.hgl

application/x-hgl

.hmr

application/x-hmr

.hpg

application/x-hpgl

.hpl

application/x-hpl

.hqx

application/mac-binhex40

.hrf

application/x-hrf

.hta

application/hta

.htc

text/x-component

.htm

text/html

.html

text/html

.htt

text/webviewhtml

.htx

text/html

.icb

application/x-icb

.ico

image/x-icon

.ico

application/x-ico

.iff

application/x-iff

.ig4

application/x-g4

.igs

application/x-igs

.iii

application/x-iphone

.img

application/x-img

.ins

application/x-internet-signup

.isp

application/x-internet-signup

.IVF

video/x-ivf

.java

java/*

.jfif

image/jpeg

.jpe

image/jpeg

.jpe

application/x-jpe

.jpeg

image/jpeg

.jpg

image/jpeg

.jpg

application/x-jpg

.js

application/x-javascript

.jsp

text/html

.la1

audio/x-liquid-file

.lar

application/x-laplayer-reg

.latex

application/x-latex

.lavs

audio/x-liquid-secure

.lbm

application/x-lbm

.lmsff

audio/x-la-lms

.ls

application/x-javascript

.ltr

application/x-ltr

.m1v

video/x-mpeg

.m2v

video/x-mpeg

.m3u

audio/mpegurl

.m4e

video/mpeg4

.mac

application/x-mac

.man

application/x-troff-man

.math

text/xml

.mdb

application/msaccess

.mdb

application/x-mdb

.mfp

application/x-shockwave-flash

.mht

message/rfc822

.mhtml

message/rfc822

.mi

application/x-mi

.mid

audio/mid

.midi

audio/mid

.mil

application/x-mil

.mml

text/xml

.mnd

audio/x-musicnet-download

.mns

audio/x-musicnet-stream

.mocha

application/x-javascript

.movie

video/x-sgi-movie

.mp1

audio/mp1

.mp2

audio/mp2

.mp2v

video/mpeg

.mp3

audio/mp3

.mp4

video/mp4

.mpa

video/x-mpg

.mpd

application/vnd.ms-project

.mpe

video/x-mpeg

.mpeg

video/mpg

.mpg

video/mpg

.mpga

audio/rn-mpeg

.mpp

application/vnd.ms-project

.mps

video/x-mpeg

.mpt

application/vnd.ms-project

.mpv

video/mpg

.mpv2

video/mpeg

.mpw

application/vnd.ms-project

.mpx

application/vnd.ms-project

.mtx

text/xml

.mxp

application/x-mmxp

.net

image/pnetvue

.nrf

application/x-nrf

.nws

message/rfc822

.odc

text/x-ms-odc

.out

application/x-out

.p10

application/pkcs10

.p12

application/x-pkcs12

.p7b

application/x-pkcs7-certificates

.p7c

application/pkcs7-mime

.p7m

application/pkcs7-mime

.p7r

application/x-pkcs7-certreqresp

.p7s

application/pkcs7-signature

.pc5

application/x-pc5

.pci

application/x-pci

.pcl

application/x-pcl

.pcx

application/x-pcx

.pdf

application/pdf

.pdf

application/pdf

.pdx

application/vnd.adobe.pdx

.pfx

application/x-pkcs12

.pgl

application/x-pgl

.pic

application/x-pic

.pko

application/vnd.ms-pki.pko

.pl

application/x-perl

.plg

text/html

.pls

audio/scpls

.plt

application/x-plt

.png

image/png

.png

application/x-png

.pot

application/vnd.ms-powerpoint

.ppa

application/vnd.ms-powerpoint

.ppm

application/x-ppm

.pps

application/vnd.ms-powerpoint

.ppt

application/vnd.ms-powerpoint

.ppt

application/x-ppt

.pr

application/x-pr

.prf

application/pics-rules

.prn

application/x-prn

.prt

application/x-prt

.ps

application/x-ps

.ps

application/postscript

.ptn

application/x-ptn

.pwz

application/vnd.ms-powerpoint

.r3t

text/vnd.rn-realtext3d

.ra

audio/vnd.rn-realaudio

.ram

audio/x-pn-realaudio

.ras

application/x-ras

.rat

application/rat-file

.rdf

text/xml

.rec

application/vnd.rn-recording

.red

application/x-red

.rgb

application/x-rgb

.rjs

application/vnd.rn-realsystem-rjs

.rjt

application/vnd.rn-realsystem-rjt

.rlc

application/x-rlc

.rle

application/x-rle

.rm

application/vnd.rn-realmedia

.rmf

application/vnd.adobe.rmf

.rmi

audio/mid

.rmj

application/vnd.rn-realsystem-rmj

.rmm

audio/x-pn-realaudio

.rmp

application/vnd.rn-rn_music_package

.rms

application/vnd.rn-realmedia-secure

.rmvb

application/vnd.rn-realmedia-vbr

.rmx

application/vnd.rn-realsystem-rmx

.rnx

application/vnd.rn-realplayer

.rp

image/vnd.rn-realpix

.rpm

audio/x-pn-realaudio-plugin

.rsml

application/vnd.rn-rsml

.rt

text/vnd.rn-realtext

.rtf

application/msword

.rtf

application/x-rtf

.rv

video/vnd.rn-realvideo

.sam

application/x-sam

.sat

application/x-sat

.sdp

application/sdp

.sdw

application/x-sdw

.sit

application/x-stuffit

.slb

application/x-slb

.sld

application/x-sld

.slk

drawing/x-slk

.smi

application/smil

.smil

application/smil

.smk

application/x-smk

.snd

audio/basic

.sol

text/plain

.sor

text/plain

.spc

application/x-pkcs7-certificates

.spl

application/futuresplash

.spp

text/xml

.ssm

application/streamingmedia

.sst

application/vnd.ms-pki.certstore

.stl

application/vnd.ms-pki.stl

.stm

text/html

.sty

application/x-sty

.svg

text/svg+xml

.swf

application/x-shockwave-flash

.tdf

application/x-tdf

.tg4

application/x-tg4

.tga

application/x-tga

.tif

image/tiff

.tif

application/x-tif

.tiff

image/tiff

.tld

text/xml

.top

drawing/x-top

.torrent

application/x-bittorrent

.tsd

text/xml

.txt

text/plain

.uin

application/x-icq

.uls

text/iuls

.vcf

text/x-vcard

.vda

application/x-vda

.vdx

application/vnd.visio

.vml

text/xml

.vpg

application/x-vpeg005

.vsd

application/vnd.visio

.vsd

application/x-vsd

.vss

application/vnd.visio

.vst

application/vnd.visio

.vst

application/x-vst

.vsw

application/vnd.visio

.vsx

application/vnd.visio

.vtx

application/vnd.visio

.vxml

text/xml

.wav

audio/wav

.wax

audio/x-ms-wax

.wb1

application/x-wb1

.wb2

application/x-wb2

.wb3

application/x-wb3

.wbmp

image/vnd.wap.wbmp

.wiz

application/msword

.wk3

application/x-wk3

.wk4

application/x-wk4

.wkq

application/x-wkq

.wks

application/x-wks

.wm

video/x-ms-wm

.wma

audio/x-ms-wma

.wmd

application/x-ms-wmd

.wmf

application/x-wmf

.wml

text/vnd.wap.wml

.wmv

video/x-ms-wmv

.wmx

video/x-ms-wmx

.wmz

application/x-ms-wmz

.wp6

application/x-wp6

.wpd

application/x-wpd

.wpg

application/x-wpg

.wpl

application/vnd.ms-wpl

.wq1

application/x-wq1

.wr1

application/x-wr1

.wri

application/x-wri

.wrk

application/x-wrk

.ws

application/x-ws

.ws2

application/x-ws

.wsc

text/scriptlet

.wsdl

text/xml

.wvx

video/x-ms-wvx

.xdp

application/vnd.adobe.xdp

.xdr

text/xml

.xfd

application/vnd.adobe.xfd

.xfdf

application/vnd.adobe.xfdf

.xhtml

text/html

.xls

application/vnd.ms-excel

.xls

application/x-xls

.xlw

application/x-xlw

.xml

text/xml

.xpl

audio/scpls

.xq

text/xml

.xql

text/xml

.xquery

text/xml

.xsd

text/xml

.xsl

text/xml

.xslt

text/xml

.xwd

application/x-xwd

.x_b

application/x-x_b

.sis

application/vnd.symbian.install

.sisx

application/vnd.symbian.install

.x_t

application/x-x_t

.ipa

application/vnd.iphone

.apk

application/vnd.android.package-archive

.xap

application/x-silverlight-app

.zip

application/zip

.rar

application/x-rar-compressed

.7z

application/x-7z-compressed

用户自定义元数据

TOS 支持以 "x-tos-meta-" 开头,设置自定义的元数据,用于文件的自定义管理。在获取文件或查询文件元数据时,消息头中会返回自定义元数据。一个文件可以有多个自定义元数据,但所有的自定义元数据大小不能超过 8KB。

设置文件元数据

本文介绍为已上传的文件设置元数据的操作步骤。如果您希望在上传文件时设置元数据,具体步骤,请参见上传文件

注意

归档、冷归档和深度冷归档类型的文件需要先恢复为可读取状态,才能设置元数据。

  1. 登录对象存储控制台
  2. 单击左侧导航栏的桶列表,在桶列表页面单击目标桶名称。
  3. 文件列表页面,选择指定文件操作列的 ··· > 修改元数据信息
  4. 在弹出的对话框中,根据需要设置元数据信息。
  5. 设置完成后,单击确定