Python脚本无法修改7z压缩包内文件名，但Bash命令可正常执行

我正在编写Python脚本处理7z压缩包，流程是解压后重新压缩为zip格式以保持一致性。部分7z包内的文件名过长，导致解压时报错，因此需要先重命名这些长文件名。

遇到的核心问题：在Bash中直接执行命令7z rn -pSOMEPASSWORD -y archive.7z oldfilename newfilename可以成功重命名，但通过Python的subprocess调用相同命令时，命令静默失败，文件名未发生更改。

扫描过长文件名的代码 #

# scan list of files and bucket all of the bad filenames
with SevenZipFile(fpath, password=password) as f:
    for filename in f.namelist():
        segments = filename.split("/")
        mname = segments[-1]

        if len(mname.encode()) > MAX_FILENAME_LENGTH:
            long_filenames.append(filename)

重命名文件的代码 #

with SevenZipFile(fpath, password=password) as f:
    for filename in long_filenames:
        checksum = crc32_checksum(filename.encode())

        if checksum:
            segments = filename.split("/")
            mname = segments[-1]
            root, ext = os.path.splitext(mname)

            zdir = "/".join(segments[:-1])
            zpath = os.path.join(zdir, checksum + ext)

            f.rename(filename, zpath)

检查重命名结果的代码 #

with SevenZipFile(fpath, password=password) as f:
    long_filenames.clear()

    for filename in f.namelist():
        segments = filename.split("/")
        mname = segments[-1]

        if len(mname.encode()) > MAX_FILENAME_LENGTH:
            long_filenames.append(filename)

    if long_filenames:
        raise SevenZipError("Files not renamed.")

SevenZipFile类核心实现代码 #

def _run(self, cmd: str, switches: list[str] | None = None, args: list[str] | None = None) -> str:
    if not switches:
        switches = []
    if not args:
        args = []

    # blank password is skipped for archives with no password, but allows
    # archives with passwords to error instead of wait for user input.
    if self.password:
        switches.append(f"-p{self.password}")
    else:
        switches.append("-p")
    switches.append("-y") # assume Yes on all queries

    sh = [self.sh, cmd] + switches + [self.path] + args
    result = subprocess.run(sh, stdout=subprocess.PIPE, stderr=subprocess.PIPE, text=True)

    if result.returncode != 0:
        raise SevenZipError(f"7zip failed: {result.stderr}")

    return result.stdout


def rename(self, srcfilename: str, destfilename: str):
    self._run("rn", [], [srcfilename, destfilename])

已尝试的无效操作 #

• 给subprocess显式指定utf-8编码
• 设置Python运行环境的LC_ALL为utf-8

推测原因 #

怀疑Python与7z之间存在编码不兼容问题，导致包含Unicode字符（如文件名中的emoji）的文件名在传递过程中损坏，但Python日志中emoji可以正常显示。

内容的提问来源于stack exchange，提问作者sven2388