GitLab Runner容器中执行SonarQube分析时出现「Not authorized」错误的排查求助

大家好，我最近在折腾GitLab Runner（Docker容器部署）执行SonarQube（同样Docker部署）代码分析时，一直碰到权限错误，折腾了好半天没找到根源，想请各位帮忙排查下。

核心错误信息 #

最关键的错误提示如下：

Caused by: Not authorized. Please check the properties sonar.login and sonar.password.

完整的堆栈跟踪如下：

Caused by: org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanCreationException: Error creating bean with name 'GlobalServerSettings' defined in org.sonar.scanner.bootstrap.GlobalServerSettingsProvider: Bean instantiation via factory method failed; nested exception is org.springframework.beans.BeanInstantiationException: Failed to instantiate [org.sonar.scanner.bootstrap.GlobalServerSettings]: Factory method 'provide' threw exception; nested exception is Not authorized. Please check the properties sonar.login and sonar.password.

at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.ConstructorResolver.instantiate(ConstructorResolver.java:658)
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.ConstructorResolver.instantiateUsingFactoryMethod(ConstructorResolver.java:638)
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.instantiateUsingFactoryMethod(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:1352)
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.createBeanInstance(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:1195)
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.doCreateBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:582)
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.createBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:542)
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory.lambda$doGetBean$0(AbstractBeanFactory.java:335)
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultSingletonBeanRegistry.getSingleton(DefaultSingletonBeanRegistry.java:234)
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory.doGetBean(AbstractBeanFactory.java:333)
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory.getBean(AbstractBeanFactory.java:208)
at org.springframework.beans.factory.config.DependencyDescriptor.resolveCandidate(DependencyDescriptor.java:276)
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultListableBeanFactory.doResolveDependency(DefaultListableBeanFactory.java:1391)
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultListableBeanFactory.resolveDependency(DefaultListableBeanFactory.java:1311)
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.ConstructorResolver.resolveAutowiredArgument(ConstructorResolver.java:887)
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.ConstructorResolver.createArgumentArray(ConstructorResolver.java:791)
... 70 more

Caused by: org.springframework.beans.BeanInstantiationException: Failed to instantiate [org.sonar.scanner.bootstrap.GlobalServerSettings]: Factory method 'provide' threw exception; nested exception is Not authorized. Please check the properties sonar.login and sonar.password.

at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.SimpleInstantiationStrategy.instantiate(SimpleInstantiationStrategy.java:185)
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.ConstructorResolver.instantiate(ConstructorResolver.java:653)
... 84 more

Caused by: Not authorized. Please check the properties sonar.login and sonar.password.

Cleaning up project directory and file based variables

00:01

ERROR: Job failed: exit code 1

我的配置情况 #

• 环境：GitLab Runner和SonarQube都运行在独立的Docker容器中
• .gitlab-ci.yml配置：

sonarqube-check:
  tags:
    - my-api
  image:
    name: sonarsource/sonar-scanner-cli:5.0
    entrypoint: [""]
  variables:
    SONAR_USER_HOME: "${CI_PROJECT_DIR}/.sonar"
    GIT_DEPTH: "0"
    SONAR_TOKEN: "$SONARQUBE_TOKEN"
  cache:
    key: "${CI_JOB_NAME}"
    paths:
      - .sonar/cache
  script:
    - sonar-scanner -X
  rules:
    - if: $CI_COMMIT_BRANCH == 'main'

• sonar-project.properties配置：

sonar.projectKey=my-api
sonar.qualitygate.wait=true

我已经在GitLab CI/CD变量里配置了SonarQube的主机URL和令牌（SONARQUBE_TOKEN），但还是报这个错误。

想请教的问题 #

有没有大佬能帮我分析下，这个「Not authorized」错误可能是哪些原因导致的？有没有具体的排查或解决步骤？

备注：内容来源于stack exchange，提问作者Sri