.NET 10中如何启用Swagger的“Authorize”授权按钮？

近期基于.NET 10搭建服务端，打算用Swagger管理接口文档，但碰到JWT认证相关问题。查了多篇教程、官方文档，也试了Stack Overflow上的方案，还是没法启用Swagger页面的“Authorize”按钮，没法输入JWT令牌。

项目依赖配置 #

<Project Sdk="Microsoft.NET.Sdk.Web">

  <PropertyGroup>
    <TargetFramework>net10.0</TargetFramework>
    <Nullable>enable</Nullable>
    <ImplicitUsings>enable</ImplicitUsings>
  </PropertyGroup>

  <ItemGroup>
    <PackageReference Include="Microsoft.AspNetCore.Authentication.JwtBearer" Version="10.0.1" />
    <PackageReference Include="Microsoft.AspNetCore.OpenApi" Version="10.0.1" />
    <PackageReference Include="Swashbuckle.AspNetCore.SwaggerGen" Version="10.0.1" />
    <PackageReference Include="Swashbuckle.AspNetCore.SwaggerUI" Version="10.0.1" />
  </ItemGroup>

</Project>

launchSettings.json配置 #

{
  "$schema": "https://json.schemastore.org/launchsettings.json",
  "profiles": {
    "http": {
      "commandName": "Project",
      "dotnetRunMessages": true,
      "launchBrowser": false,
      "applicationUrl": "http://localhost:5094",
      "environmentVariables": {
        "ASPNETCORE_ENVIRONMENT": "Development"
      }
    },
    "https": {
      "commandName": "Project",
      "dotnetRunMessages": true,
      "launchBrowser": true,
      "launchUrl": "swagger",
      "applicationUrl": "https://localhost:7011;http://localhost:5094",
      "environmentVariables": {
        "ASPNETCORE_ENVIRONMENT": "Development"
      }
    }
  }
}

Program.cs代码 #

using Microsoft.AspNetCore.Authentication.JwtBearer;
using Microsoft.Extensions.DependencyInjection;
using Microsoft.IdentityModel.Tokens;
using Microsoft.OpenApi;
using System.Text;
using WebApplication1.Services;

var builder = WebApplication.CreateBuilder(args);
builder.Services.AddControllers();
builder.Services.AddAuthentication(options =>
{
    options.DefaultAuthenticateScheme = JwtBearerDefaults.AuthenticationScheme;
    options.DefaultChallengeScheme = JwtBearerDefaults.AuthenticationScheme;
    options.DefaultScheme = JwtBearerDefaults.AuthenticationScheme;
}).AddJwtBearer(options =>
{
    options.RequireHttpsMetadata = true;
    options.SaveToken = true;
    options.TokenValidationParameters = new TokenValidationParameters()
    {
        ValidIssuer = builder.Configuration["JwtConfig:Issuer"],
        ValidAudience = builder.Configuration["JwtConfig:Audience"],
        IssuerSigningKey = new SymmetricSecurityKey(Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(builder.Configuration["JwtConfig:Key"])),
        ValidateIssuer = true,
        ValidateAudience = true,
        ValidateLifetime = true,
        ValidateIssuerSigningKey = true,
        SaveSigninToken = true,
    };
});
builder.Services.AddAuthorization();
builder.Services.AddScoped<JwtService>();
builder.Services.AddSwaggerGen(c =>
{
    c.SwaggerDoc("v1", new OpenApiInfo { Title = "My API", Version = "v1" });
    c.AddSecurityDefinition("bearer", new OpenApiSecurityScheme
    {
        Type = SecuritySchemeType.Http,
        Scheme = "bearer",
        BearerFormat = "JWT",
        Description = "JWT Authorization header using the Bearer scheme."
    });
    c.AddSecurityRequirement(document => new OpenApiSecurityRequirement
    {
        [new OpenApiSecuritySchemeReference("bearer", document)] = []
    });
});
builder.Services.AddOpenApi();
var app = builder.Build();
if (app.Environment.IsDevelopment())
{
    app.MapOpenApi();
    app.UseSwaggerUI(options =>
    {
        options.SwaggerEndpoint("/openapi/v1.json", "api1");
    });
}
app.UseHttpsRedirection();
app.UseAuthentication();
app.UseAuthorization();
app.MapControllers();
app.Run();

WeatherForecastController.cs代码 #

using Microsoft.AspNetCore.Authorization;
using Microsoft.AspNetCore.Mvc;
using WebApplication1.Model;

namespace WebApplication1.Controllers
{
    [ApiController]
    [Route("[controller]")]
    [Authorize]
    public class WeatherForecastController : ControllerBase
    {
        private static readonly string[] Summaries =
        [
            "Freezing", "Bracing", "Chilly", "Cool", "Mild", "Warm", "Balmy", "Hot", "Sweltering", "Scorching"
        ];

        [HttpGet(Name = "GetWeatherForecast")]
        public IEnumerable<WeatherForecast> Get()
        {
            return Enumerable.Range(1, 5).Select(index => new WeatherForecast
            {
                Date = DateOnly.FromDateTime(DateTime.Now.AddDays(index)),
                TemperatureC = Random.Shared.Next(-20, 55),
                Summary = Summaries[Random.Shared.Next(Summaries.Length)]
            })
            .ToArray();
        }
    }
}

内容的提问来源于stack exchange，提问作者dev.vcalazas