修改Android Studio使用的Java版本及解决Flutter Gradle与Java版本兼容报错求助

嗨，我最近在运行Flutter项目时碰到了版本兼容的问题，折腾了好一阵没搞定，想请教下大家怎么解决，同时也想调整Android Studio默认使用的Java版本，具体情况如下：

问题现象 #

启动Flutter应用时，控制台抛出了以下报错：

Flutter Fix [!] Your project's Gradle version is incompatible with the Java version that Flutter is using for Gradle.

我的环境信息 #

1. 系统安装的Java版本：
   运行 java -version 得到的输出：

   Java(TM) SE Runtime Environment (build 20.0.2+9-78)
   Java HotSpot(TM) 64-Bit Server VM (build 20.0.2+9-78, mixed mode, sharing)
   

2. Android Studio版本与内置Java：
   我用的是Android Studio Giraffe 2022.3.1（2023年9月的最新版），但通过 flutter doctor -v 发现，AS默认使用的是自带的Java 17：

   [✓] Android toolchain - develop for Android devices (Android SDK version 33.0.1)
   • Android SDK at /Users/baimamboukar/Library/Android/sdk
   • Platform android-33, build-tools 33.0.1
   • Java binary at: /Applications/Android Studio.app/Contents/jbr/Contents/Home/bin/java
   • Java version OpenJDK Runtime Environment (build 17.0.6+0-17.0.6b829.9-10027231)
   • All Android licenses accepted.
   
   [✓] Android Studio (version 2022.3)
   • Android Studio at /Applications/Android Studio.app/Contents
   • Flutter plugin can be installed from:
    https://plugins.jetbrains.com/plugin/9212-flutter
   • Dart plugin can be installed from:
    https://plugins.jetbrains.com/plugin/6351-dart
   • Java version OpenJDK Runtime Environment (build 17.0.6+0-17.0.6b829.9-10027231)
   

3. 完整的Flutter环境信息：
   以下是 flutter doctor -v 的全部输出：

   [✓] Flutter (Channel stable, 3.13.4, on macOS 12.6.3 21G419 darwin-x64, locale en-CM)
   • Flutter version 3.13.4 on channel stable at /Users/baimamboukar/development/flutter
   • Upstream repository https://github.com/flutter/flutter.git
   • Framework revision 367f9ea16b (7 days ago), 2023-09-12 23:27:53 -0500
   • Engine revision 9064459a8b
   • Dart version 3.1.2
   • DevTools version 2.25.0
   
   [!] Xcode - develop for iOS and macOS (Xcode 13.2.1)
   • Xcode at /Applications/Xcode.app/Contents/Developer
   • Build 13C100
   ✗ Flutter requires Xcode 14 or higher.
   Download the latest version or update via the Mac App Store.
   • CocoaPods version 1.11.3
   
   [✓] Chrome - develop for the web
   • Chrome at /Applications/Google Chrome.app/Contents/MacOS/Google Chrome
   
   [✓] VS Code (version 1.82.2)
   • VS Code at /Applications/Visual Studio Code.app/Contents
   • Flutter extension version 3.72.0
   
   [✓] Connected device (3 available)
   • JKM LX2 (mobile) • 192.168.43.1:5555 • android-arm64  • Android 9 (API 28)
   • macOS (desktop)  • macos             • darwin-x64     • macOS 12.6.3 21G419 darwin-x64
   • Chrome (web)     • chrome            • web-javascript • Google Chrome 116.0.5845.187
   
   [✓] Network resources
   • All expected network resources are available.
   

我的疑问 #

• 我查了Gradle官方文档，Gradle 7.5是支持Java 20的，为什么还会抛出版本不兼容的报错？
• 怎么修改Android Studio的默认Java版本，让它使用我系统里安装的Java 20？
• 有没有办法让Flutter指定使用我本地的Java 20来运行Gradle构建？

备注：内容来源于stack exchange，提问作者Baimam Boukar Jean Jacques