U盘LUKS加密无法移除且处于只读状态的求助

大家好，我遇到了一个棘手的U盘问题，想请各位帮忙看看：

我尝试把Qubes OS安装到SanDisk 64GB 3.2 Gen1的U盘做启动盘，结果安装过程中突然中断了。之后U盘就不显示了，打开分区管理器一看，它居然处于只读状态！

排查后发现这个U盘被LUKS加密了，我知道加密的密码，但不管是尝试移除加密密钥还是重新格式化，都失败了，下面是我试过的命令和对应的报错：

尝试移除LUKS密钥 #

cryptsetup luksRemoveKey /dev/sda4

得到报错：

Device wipe error, offset 32768.

尝试重新格式化LUKS分区 #

root@amnesia:/home/amnesia cryptsetup -y -v luksFormat /dev/sdc4

终端输出：

WARNING: Device /dev/sdc4 already contains a 'crypto LUKS' superblock signature.
WARNING!
This will overwrite data on /dev/sdc4 irrevocably.
Are you sure? (Type 'yes' in capital letters): YES
Enter passphrase for /dev/sdc4:
Verify passphrase:
Failed to open file /dev/sdc4 in read/write mode. Command failed with code -1 (wrong or missing parameters).

后来我打错了参数又试了一次：

root@amnesia:/home/amnesiae cryptsetup y v LuksFormat /dev/sdc4

输出还是类似的错误：

WARNING: Device /dev/sdc4 already contains a crypto LUKS superblock signature.
WARNING!
This will overwrite data on /dev/sdc4 irrevocably.
Are you sure? (Type yes in capital letters): YES Enter passphrase for /dev/sdc4:
verify passphrase:
Failed to open file /dev/sdc4 in read/write mode.
Command failed with code -1 (wrong or missing parameters).

再次尝试移除最后一个密钥槽 #

root@amnesia:/home/amnesiae cryptsetup -y v LuksRemovekey /dev/sdc4

终端输出：

Enter passphrase to be deleted:
Verify passphrase:
Key slot 8 unlocked.
Keyslot is selected for deletion.
WARNING!
This is the last keyslot. Device will become unusable after purging this key
Are you sure? (Type 'yes' in capital letters): YES
Device wipe error, offset 32768. Cannot wipe device /dev/sdc4.
Key slot a removed.
Command failed with code -1 (wrong or missing parameters).

现在U盘还是只读状态，加密也清不掉，有没有大佬知道该怎么解决啊？

补充：可能的解决思路 #

• 先解除只读锁定

  1. 先检查U盘有没有物理写保护开关，有的话拨到非锁定位置
  2. 尝试用命令清除只读属性（注意替换成你的U盘设备名，比如/dev/sdc）：

     sudo hdparm -r0 /dev/sdc
     

  3. 卸载后重新挂载为读写模式：

     sudo udisksctl unmount -b /dev/sdc4
     sudo udisksctl mount -b /dev/sdc4 -o rw
     

• 彻底清除LUKS签名并重建分区
  如果只读问题解决后还是无法操作，直接清除U盘开头的扇区（风险操作，务必确认设备名正确！）：

  sudo umount /dev/sdc*
  sudo dd if=/dev/zero of=/dev/sdc bs=1M count=10
  

  之后用fdisk或gparted重新创建分区表和分区，再格式化即可。

• 检查硬件故障
  如果以上方法都无效，可能是U盘硬件损坏，可以试试厂商的官方修复工具检测。

备注：内容来源于stack exchange，提问作者PUGAZHARASAN