Ubuntu 23.10执行多任务时Xwayland崩溃导致所有应用关闭

嘿，我看到你在用ThinkPad X1 Carbon Gen9搭配Ubuntu 23.10和Dell扩展坞的时候，碰上了Xwayland崩溃的糟心事——尤其是快速跨窗口/桌面复制粘贴时，整个桌面环境都受影响，确实挺闹心的。

先帮你梳理下关键的问题信息：

• 环境配置：Ubuntu 23.10、ThinkPad X1 Carbon Gen9（32GB内存）、Dell扩展坞连接2台显示器
• 触发场景：快速切换窗口/桌面、跨屏幕在Edge和Slack这类应用间复制粘贴文本时，频繁触发崩溃

从你提供的日志来看，核心问题是Xwayland进程触发了段错误（Segmentation fault），导致GNOME Shell失去Xwayland连接，进而引发一系列服务重启和应用报错。下面是你提供的关键日志内容：

Syslog崩溃记录 #

2023-11-17T15:51:27.131545+00:00 MYCOMP gnome-shell[10043]: Window manager warning: Ping serial 1854496 was reused for window W27, previous use was for window W26.

2023-11-17T15:51:27.151823+00:00 MYCOMP gnome-shell[16030]: (EE)

2023-11-17T15:51:27.151977+00:00 MYCOMP gnome-shell[16030]: (EE) Backtrace:

2023-11-17T15:51:27.152048+00:00 MYCOMP gnome-shell[16030]: (EE) 0: /usr/bin/Xwayland (0x55f87307c000+0x1660a2) [0x55f8731e20a2]

2023-11-17T15:51:27.152165+00:00 MYCOMP gnome-shell[16030]: (EE) 1: /usr/bin/Xwayland (0x55f87307c000+0x1661a4) [0x55f8731e21a4]

2023-11-17T15:51:27.152232+00:00 MYCOMP gnome-shell[16030]: (EE) 2: /lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libc.so.6 (0x7efc13000000+0x42910) [0x7efc13042910]

2023-11-17T15:51:27.152294+00:00 MYCOMP gnome-shell[16030]: (EE)

2023-11-17T15:51:27.152348+00:00 MYCOMP gnome-shell[16030]: (EE) Segmentation fault at address 0x0

2023-11-17T15:51:27.152403+00:00 MYCOMP gnome-shell[16030]: (EE)

2023-11-17T15:51:27.152461+00:00 MYCOMP gnome-shell[16030]: Fatal server error:

2023-11-17T15:51:27.152518+00:00 MYCOMP gnome-shell[16030]: (EE) Caught signal 11 (Segmentation fault). Server aborting

2023-11-17T15:51:27.152575+00:00 MYCOMP gnome-shell[16030]: (EE)

2023-11-17T15:51:28.339924+00:00 MYCOMP vmware-player.desktop[16375]: XINFO: IO fatal error.

2023-11-17T15:51:28.340142+00:00 MYCOMP gnome-shell[10043]: Connection to xwayland lost

2023-11-17T15:51:28.340306+00:00 MYCOMP microsoft-edge.desktop[16441]: [16483:16483:1117/155128.339846:ERROR:connection.cc(46)] X connection error received.

2023-11-17T15:51:28.342162+00:00 MYCOMP gnome-shell[10043]: X Wayland crashed; attempting to recover

2023-11-17T15:51:28.344031+00:00 MYCOMP systemd[9705]: Stopped target gnome-session-x11-services-ready.target - GNOME session X11 services.

2023-11-17T15:51:28.344357+00:00 MYCOMP systemd[9705]: Stopping org.gnome.SettingsDaemon.XSettings.service - GNOME XSettings service...

2023-11-17T15:51:28.346396+00:00 MYCOMP systemd[9705]: org.gnome.SettingsDaemon.XSettings.service: Main process exited, code=exited, status=1/FAILURE

2023-11-17T15:51:28.349286+00:00 MYCOMP gnome-shell[10043]: Meta.Rectangle is deprecated, use Mtk.Rectangle instead

2023-11-17T15:51:28.350267+00:00 MYCOMP gnome-shell[10043]: Window manager warning: META_CURRENT_TIME used to choose focus window; focus window may not be correct.

2023-11-17T15:51:28.353975+00:00 MYCOMP gnome-shell[10043]: Meta.Rectangle is deprecated, use Mtk.Rectangle instead

2023-11-17T15:51:28.354297+00:00 MYCOMP gnome-shell[10043]: Using public X11 display :0, (using :1 for managed services)

2023-11-17T15:51:28.394467+00:00 MYCOMP systemd[9705]: org.gnome.SettingsDaemon.XSettings.service: Failed with result 'exit-code'.

2023-11-17T15:51:28.394691+00:00 MYCOMP systemd[9705]: Stopped org.gnome.SettingsDaemon.XSettings.service - GNOME XSettings service.

2023-11-17T15:51:28.394852+00:00 MYCOMP systemd[9705]: Stopped target gnome-session-x11-services.target - GNOME session X11 services.

Apport错误日志 #

INFO: apport (pid 26983) 2023-11-17 14:10:54,050: called for pid 21276, signal 6, core limit 18446744073709551615, dump mode 1

ERROR: apport (pid 26983) 2023-11-17 14:10:54,050: ignoring implausibly big core limit, treating as unlimited

INFO: apport (pid 26983) 2023-11-17 14:10:54,052: executable: /usr/bin/Xwayland (command line "/usr/bin/Xwayland :0 -rootless -noreset -accessx -core -auth /run/user/1000/.mutter-Xwaylandauth.URSSE2 -listenfd 4 -listenfd 5 -displayfd 6 -initfd 7 -byteswappedclients")

ERROR: apport (pid 26983) 2023-11-17 14:10:55,055: this executable already crashed 2 times, ignoring

INFO: apport (pid 26983) 2023-11-17 14:10:55,055: writing core dump to /var/lib/apport/coredump/core._usr_bin_Xwayland.1000.5f508668-a6c5-4640-a1cf-341969a515d8.21276.6779968 (limit: -1)

接下来给你几个可以尝试的解决步骤，按优先级排序：

1. 优先更新系统组件
   Ubuntu 23.10作为较新的版本，可能已经有补丁修复了Xwayland的这个段错误问题。打开终端执行以下命令，完成系统全量更新后重启：

sudo apt update && sudo apt full-upgrade -y

2. 切换到Xorg会话测试
   目前你用的是Wayland会话（依赖Xwayland兼容X11应用），可以试试纯Xorg会话，看是否能避开这个崩溃问题：

• 注销当前用户，在登录界面点击用户名旁边的齿轮图标，选择「Ubuntu on Xorg」，登录后再测试跨屏复制和快速切换的场景。

3. 更新Intel显卡微码
   你的X1 Carbon Gen9用的是Intel核显，更新显卡微码可能修复硬件相关的兼容问题：

sudo apt install intel-microcode -y

4. 禁用第三方GNOME扩展
   很多第三方GNOME扩展可能会干扰Shell的正常运行，尤其是和窗口管理、剪贴板相关的扩展。打开GNOME Tweaks工具，进入「Extensions」标签，禁用所有非官方扩展，然后测试问题是否消失。

5. 临时禁用Xwayland（仅测试用）
   如果上面的方法都无效，可以尝试临时禁用Xwayland（注意：这会导致依赖X11的应用无法运行），看看是否是Xwayland本身的问题：

• 编辑GNOME Shell的会话配置：

  sudo nano /usr/share/wayland-sessions/gnome.desktop
  

• 找到Exec=gnome-shell这一行，修改为Exec=gnome-shell --no-xwayland
• 保存退出后重启会话，测试是否还会崩溃。如果问题消失，说明确实是Xwayland的bug，可以等待后续系统更新修复。

希望这些方法能帮你解决问题！

备注：内容来源于stack exchange，提问作者George Gatheca Njoroge