Jenkins流水线执行Maven Release回滚时缺失备份POM报错求助
我尝试通过Jenkins执行Maven发布操作，但遇到以下错误。请问是否有人遇到过此类问题？我们在生产环境中出现该问题，恳请提供帮助。
org.apache.maven.lifecycle.LifecycleExecutionException: Failed to execute goal org.apache.maven.plugins:maven-release-plugin:2.5:rollback (default-cli) on project AuthorizedEventServiceParent: Cannot restore from a missing backup POM: /opt/Jenkins/workspace/uthorizedEventServiceParent-45I6W7JFLSTHNWDJCYNAQKDWWSVTP7CN5RGR35I3VBKTCW5V7WMQ/pom.xml.releaseBackup at org.apache.maven.lifecycle.internal.MojoExecutor.execute(MojoExecutor.java:216) at org.apache.maven.lifecycle.internal.MojoExecutor.execute(MojoExecutor.java:153) at org.apache.maven.lifecycle.internal.MojoExecutor.execute(MojoExecutor.java:145) at org.apache.maven.lifecycle.internal.LifecycleModuleBuilder.buildProject(LifecycleModuleBuilder.java:116) at org.apache.maven.lifecycle.internal.LifecycleModuleBuilder.buildProject(LifecycleModuleBuilder.java:80) at org.apache.maven.lifecycle.internal.builder.singlethreaded.SingleThreadedBuilder.build(SingleThreadedBuilder.java:51) at org.apache.maven.lifecycle.internal.LifecycleStarter.execute(LifecycleStarter.java:120) at org.apache.maven.DefaultMaven.doExecute(DefaultMaven.java:355) at org.apache.maven.DefaultMaven.execute(DefaultMaven.java:155) at org.apache.maven.cli.MavenCli.execute(MavenCli.java:584) at org.apache.maven.cli.MavenCli.doMain(MavenCli.java:216) at org.apache.maven.cli.MavenCli.main(MavenCli.java:160) at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method) at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:57) at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:43) at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:606) at org.codehaus.plexus.classworlds.launcher.Launcher.launchEnhanced(Launcher.java:289) at org.codehaus.plexus.classworlds.launcher.Launcher.launch(Launcher.java:229) at org.codehaus.plexus.classworlds.launcher.Launcher.mainWithExitCode(Launcher.java:415) at org.codehaus.plexus.classworlds.launcher.Launcher.main(Launcher.java:356) Caused by: org.apache.maven.plugin.MojoExecutionException: Cannot restore from a missing backup POM: /opt/Jenkins/workspace/uthorizedEventServiceParent-45I6W7JFLSTHNWDJCYNAQKDWWSVTP7CN5RGR35I3VBKTCW5V7WMQ/pom.xml.releaseBackup at org.apache.maven.plugins.release.RollbackReleaseMojo.execute(RollbackReleaseMojo.java:59) at org.apache.maven.plugin.DefaultBuildPluginManager.executeMojo(DefaultBuildPluginManager.java:132) at org.apache.maven.lifecycle.internal.MojoExecutor.execute(MojoExecutor.java:208) ... 19 more Caused by: org.apache.maven.shared.release.ReleaseExecutionException: Cannot restore from a missing backup POM: /opt/Jenkins/workspace/uthorizedEventServiceParent-45I6W7JFLSTHNWDJCYNAQKDWWSVTP7CN5RGR35I3VBKTCW5V7WMQ/pom.xml.releaseBackup at org.apache.maven.shared.release.phase.RestoreBackupPomsPhase.restorePomBackup(RestoreBackupPomsPhase.java:90) at org.apache.maven.shared.release.phase.RestoreBackupPomsPhase.execute(RestoreBackupPomsPhase.java:67) at org.apache.maven.shared.release.DefaultReleaseManager.rollback(DefaultReleaseManager.java:304) at org.apache.maven.shared.release.DefaultReleaseManager.rollback(DefaultReleaseManager.java:283) at org.apache.maven.shared.release.DefaultReleaseManager.rollback(DefaultReleaseManager.java:269) at org.apache.maven.plugins.release.RollbackReleaseMojo.execute(RollbackReleaseMojo.java:55) ... 21 more [ERROR] [ERROR] Re-run Maven using the -X switch to enable full debug logging. [ERROR] [ERROR] For more information about the errors and possible solutions, please read the following articles: [ERROR] [Help 1] http://cwiki.apache.org/confluence/display/MAVEN/MojoExecutionException
我之前在Jenkins环境里遇到过几乎一模一样的问题，给你几个针对性的排查和解决思路：
先修复路径拼写错误：从日志里的路径
/opt/Jenkins/workspace/uthorizedEventServiceParent-...能看到，项目名少了开头的字母A（应该是AuthorizedEventServiceParent）。这大概率是Jenkins任务配置或者SCM checkout环节的路径错误，导致release插件找不到正确目录下的备份文件。先去Jenkins任务里核对工作空间路径、SCM仓库的项目名称配置，把拼写错误修正。确认备份文件的生成前提：Maven release插件只有在成功执行
release:prepare步骤后，才会生成pom.xml.releaseBackup这类备份文件。如果之前的prepare步骤失败、被中断，或者根本没执行过，自然不会有备份文件可以回滚。你可以先登录Jenkins服务器，直接查看对应工作空间目录下是否存在这个文件——如果不存在，说明当前没有可回滚的发布状态，不需要执行rollback，直接重新走发布流程即可。手动恢复POM（紧急方案）：如果备份文件确实丢失，且生产环境需要快速恢复，你可以从版本控制系统（Git/SVN）拉取当前分支的原始POM文件，手动替换Jenkins工作空间里的POM。如果之前的发布已经提交了版本号变更到仓库，记得先在仓库里回滚这些变更，再重新执行
release:prepare和release:perform。升级Maven Release插件版本：你现在用的是2.5版本，这个版本比较老旧，存在一些Jenkins环境下的路径处理bug。建议升级到3.0.0以上的稳定版，新版本修复了很多兼容性问题，能减少这类路径相关的错误。
检查Jenkins工作空间清理策略：如果你的Jenkins任务配置了构建后清理工作空间，可能会把之前生成的备份文件删掉。去任务的「构建后操作」里看看有没有清理步骤，暂时禁用它，确保备份文件在需要rollback时还能保留。
内容的提问来源于stack exchange，提问作者ManojKumar
