升级Debian系统后MacBook无法连接CHIP单板计算机的问题求助

大家好，我遇到了一个特别棘手的问题，完全摸不着头绪，想请各位帮忙分析下。

我手头有一台老旧的CHIP单板计算机，和树莓派类似，搭载ARMv7 CPU和RTL8723BS WiFi芯片，原本运行Debian 8系统。这台设备大概是7-8年前生产的，厂商早就破产了，整个项目也没人维护了。

最近我想把它改成打印服务器，第一步就是逐步升级系统（从Debian 8 → 9 → ... → 12），结果升级到Debian 9之后，诡异的问题出现了：我没办法用MacBook连接它，但安卓、Windows、Linux设备都能正常连接，完全没问题。

我在CHIP上运行tcpdump抓到了这些数据包：

14:31:07.098962 ARP, Request who-has chip.home (7c:c7:09:e3:48:16 (oui Unknown)) tell Universe.home, length 28

14:31:07.099088 ARP, Reply chip.home is-at 7c:c7:09:e3:48:16 (oui Unknown), length 28

14:31:07.099489 IP Universe.home.64773 > chip.home.ssh: Flags [S], seq 3641540390, win 65535, options [mss 1460,nop,wscale 6,nop,nop,TS val 4128150543 ecr 0,sackOK,eol], length 0

14:31:07.099869 IP chip.home.ssh > Universe.home.64773: Flags [S.], seq 1651611513, ack 3641540391, win 28960, options [mss 1460,sackOK,TS val 145561 ecr 4128150543,nop,wscale 6], length 0

14:31:08.053134 IP Universe.home.64773 > chip.home.ssh: Flags [S], seq 3641540390, win 65535, options [mss 1460,nop,wscale 6,nop,nop,TS val 4128151543 ecr 0,sackOK,eol], length 0

14:31:08.053344 IP chip.home.ssh > Universe.home.64773: Flags [S.], seq 1651611513, ack 3641540391, win 28960, options [mss 1460,sackOK,TS val 145751 ecr 4128150543,nop,wscale 6], length 0

14:31:08.053162 ARP, Request who-has chip.home (7c:c7:09:e3:48:16 (oui Unknown)) tell Universe.home, length 28

14:31:08.053562 ARP, Reply chip.home is-at 7c:c7:09:e3:48:16 (oui Unknown), length 28

14:31:09.048597 IP chip.home.ssh > Universe.home.64773: Flags [S.], seq 1651611513, ack 3641540391, win 28960, options [mss 1460,sackOK,TS val 145951 ecr 4128150543,nop,wscale 6], length 0

14:31:09.054381 IP Universe.home.64773 > chip.home.ssh: Flags [S], seq 3641540390, win 65535, options [mss 1460,nop,wscale 6,nop,nop,TS val 4128152544 ecr 0,sackOK,eol], length 0

14:31:09.054520 IP chip.home.ssh > Universe.home.64773: Flags [S.], seq 1651611513, ack 3641540391, win 28960, options [mss 1460,sackOK,TS val 145952 ecr 4128150543,nop,wscale 6], length 0

14:31:09.054915 ARP, Request who-has chip.home (7c:c7:09:e3:48:16 (oui Unknown)) tell Universe.home, length 28

14:31:09.055083 ARP, Reply chip.home is-at 7c:c7:09:e3:48:16 (oui Unknown), length 28

14:31:11.053592 IP chip.home.ssh > Universe.home.64773: Flags [S.], seq 1651611513, ack 3641540391, win 28960, options [mss 1460,sackOK,TS val 146352 ecr 4128150543,nop,wscale 6], length 0

14:31:11.058116 ARP, Request who-has chip.home tell Universe.home, length 28

14:31:11.058242 ARP, Reply chip.home is-at 7c:c7:09:e3:48:16 (oui Unknown), length 28

14:31:12.058155 ARP, Request who-has chip.home tell Universe.home, length 28

14:31:12.058259 ARP, Reply chip.home is-at 7c:c7:09:e3:48:16 (oui Unknown), length 28

14:31:14.164125 ARP, Request who-has chip.home tell Universe.home, length 28

14:31:14.164248 ARP, Reply chip.home is-at 7c:c7:09:e3:48:16 (oui Unknown), length 28

14:31:15.053597 IP chip.home.ssh > Universe.home.64773: Flags [S.], seq 1651611513, ack 3641540391, win 28960, options [mss 1460,sackOK,TS val 147152 ecr 4128150543,nop,wscale 6], length 0

14:31:18.059133 ARP, Request who-has chip.home tell Universe.home, length 28

14:31:18.059295 ARP, Reply chip.home is-at 7c:c7:09:e3:48:16 (oui Unknown), length 28

14:31:23.053598 IP chip.home.ssh > Universe.home.64773: Flags [S.], seq 1651611513, ack 3641540391, win 28960, options [mss 1460,sackOK,TS val 148752 ecr 4128150543,nop,wscale 6], length 0

14:31:28.063530 ARP, Request who-has Universe.home tell chip.home, length 28

14:31:29.063528 ARP, Request who-has Universe.home tell chip.home, length 28

14:31:30.063554 ARP, Request who-has Universe.home tell chip.home, length 28

同时在MacBook上抓包的结果是：

14:33:55.578476 ARP, Request who-has chip.home (7c:c7:09:e3:48:16 (oui Unknown)) tell universe.home, length 28

14:33:55.578598 IP universe.home.64822 > chip.home.ssh: Flags [S], seq 670887126, win 65535, options [mss 1460,nop,wscale 6,nop,nop,TS val 2897939957 ecr 0,sackOK,eol], length 0

14:33:56.578766 ARP, Request who-has chip.home (7c:c7:09:e3:48:16 (oui Unknown)) tell universe.home, length 28

14:33:56.578956 IP universe.home.64822 > chip.home.ssh: Flags [S], seq 670887126, win 65535, options [mss 1460,nop,wscale 6,nop,nop,TS val 2897940958 ecr 0,sackOK,eol], length 0

14:33:57.579178 ARP, Request who-has chip.home (7c:c7:09:e3:48:16 (oui Unknown)) tell universe.home, length 28

14:33:57.579380 IP universe.home.64822 > chip.home.ssh: Flags [S], seq 670887126, win 65535, options [mss 1460,nop,wscale 6,nop,nop,TS val 2897941958 ecr 0,sackOK,eol], length 0

14:33:58.579209 ARP, Request who-has chip.home tell universe.home, length 28

看起来MacBook根本没收到CHIP的回复，但我实在想不通：为什么其他设备都能正常接收，唯独Mac不行？而且为什么升级Debian 8之后就出现这个问题了？有没有大佬能给点思路？

备注：内容来源于stack exchange，提问作者Ralfeus