Sonar Maven HTTP 401错误：自定义规则测试时Maven构建失败求助

看起来你在本地测试自定义SonarQube规则时，遇到了分析完成后上传报告失败的401未授权问题——从日志来看，代码分析的所有步骤都顺利完成了，直到最后准备上传报告时出了状况。下面是几个针对性的解决办法：

1. 确保Maven使用正确的SonarQube认证凭据 #

SonarQube要求认证才能上传分析报告，你可以通过两种方式提供凭据：

• 命令行直接传递参数：执行Maven命令时加上登录信息（默认SonarQube的管理员账号是admin/admin，如果修改过密码请替换）：

  mvn sonar:sonar -Dsonar.login=admin -Dsonar.password=admin
  

• 配置Maven settings.xml：在你的用户目录下的.m2/settings.xml中添加SonarQube服务器的认证配置，这样不用每次命令都输参数：

  <settings>
    <servers>
      <server>
        <id>sonar</id>
        <username>admin</username>
        <password>admin</password>
      </server>
    </servers>
  </settings>
  

  同时确保项目的pom.xml或者命令中的sonar.host.url指向正确的本地SonarQube地址（默认是http://localhost:9000）。

2. 验证本地SonarQube服务器的状态和权限 #

• 先打开浏览器访问http://localhost:9000（如果修改过端口就用对应的端口），确认服务器正常运行，并且能用你提供的账号密码成功登录。
• 检查你使用的账号是否有项目分析权限：在SonarQube的项目设置里，确保该账号拥有对simpleProject项目的分析权限（默认管理员账号有全部权限）。

3. 清理Sonar本地缓存 #

有时候本地缓存的旧认证信息会导致问题，你可以删除缓存目录后重新执行分析：

• 缓存路径是C:\Users\tgriusys\.sonar\cache，直接删除这个文件夹，然后重新运行mvn sonar:sonar命令。

4. 检查插件版本兼容性 #

你当前使用的SonarQube版本是6.7.1，sonar-maven-plugin版本是3.4.0.905，这个组合是兼容的，但要确保你开发的自定义规则插件是针对SonarQube 6.7.x版本编译的，避免版本不匹配导致的认证或上传问题。

附你提供的执行日志： #

C:\Users\tgriusys\eclipse-workspace\simpleProject>mvn sonar:sonar 
14:37:12:900 [INFO] Scanning for projects... 
14:37:13:353 [INFO] 
14:37:13:353 [INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------ 
14:37:13:353 [INFO] Building simpleProject 0.0.1-SNAPSHOT 
14:37:13:353 [INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------ 
14:37:13:451 [INFO] 
14:37:13:451 [INFO] --- sonar-maven-plugin:3.4.0.905:sonar (default-cli) @ simpleProject --- 
14:37:13:815 [INFO] User cache: C:\Users\tgriusys\.sonar\cache 
14:37:13:897 [INFO] SonarQube version: 6.7.1 
14:37:13:916 [INFO] Default locale: "en_US", source code encoding: "windows-1257" (analysis is platform dependent) 
14:37:14:178 [INFO] Publish mode 
14:37:14:317 [INFO] Load global settings 
14:37:14:388 [INFO] Load global settings (done) | time=72ms 
14:37:14:396 [INFO] Server id: AWDU5v5flIPWulLSdQv7 
14:37:14:405 [INFO] User cache: C:\Users\tgriusys\.sonar\cache 
14:37:14:682 [INFO] Load plugins index 
14:37:14:736 [INFO] Load plugins index (done) | time=54ms 
14:37:15:313 [INFO] Process project properties 
14:37:15:383 [INFO] Load project repositories 
14:37:15:917 [INFO] Load project repositories (done) | time=534ms 
14:37:16:027 [INFO] Load quality profiles 
14:37:16:267 [INFO] Load quality profiles (done) | time=240ms 
14:37:16:287 [INFO] Load active rules 
14:37:16:498 [INFO] Load active rules (done) | time=211ms 
14:37:16:502 [INFO] Load metrics repository 
14:37:16:526 [INFO] Load metrics repository (done) | time=25ms 
14:37:16:539 [INFO] Project key: simpleProject:simpleProject 
14:37:16:540 [INFO] ------------- Scan simpleProject 
14:37:16:641 [INFO] Base dir: C:\Users\tgriusys\eclipse-workspace\simpleProject 
14:37:16:641 [INFO] Working dir: C:\Users\tgriusys\eclipse-workspace\simpleProject\target\sonar 
14:37:16:644 [INFO] Source paths: pom.xml, src/main/java 
14:37:16:644 [INFO] Test paths: src/test/java 
14:37:16:645 [INFO] Source encoding: windows-1257, default locale: en_US 
14:37:16:679 [INFO] Load server rules 
14:37:16:798 [INFO] Load server rules (done) | time=119ms 
14:37:16:905 [INFO] Index files 
14:37:16:922 [INFO] 7 files indexed 
14:37:16:923 [INFO] Quality profile for java: Exigen Coverage 
14:37:16:924 [INFO] Quality profile for xml: Sonar way 
14:37:17:054 [INFO] Sensor JavaSquidSensor [java] 
14:37:17:189 [INFO] Configured Java source version (sonar.java.source): 5 
14:37:17:222 [INFO] JavaClasspath initialization 
14:37:17:238 [INFO] JavaClasspath initialization (done) | time=16ms 
14:37:17:239 [INFO] JavaTestClasspath initialization 
14:37:17:242 [INFO] JavaTestClasspath initialization (done) | time=3ms 
14:37:17:508 [INFO] Java Main Files AST scan 
14:37:17:509 [INFO] 6 source files to be analyzed 
14:37:17:948 [INFO] Java Main Files AST scan (done) | time=439ms 
14:37:17:948 [INFO] 6/6 source files have been analyzed 
14:37:17:948 [INFO] Java Test Files AST scan 
14:37:17:949 [INFO] 0 source files to be analyzed 
14:37:17:950 [INFO] Java Test Files AST scan (done) | time=2ms 
14:37:17:950 [INFO] 0/0 source files have been analyzed 
14:37:17:951 [INFO] Sensor JavaSquidSensor [java] (done) | time=897ms 
14:37:17:952 [INFO] Sensor FindBugs Sensor [findbugs] 
14:37:19:188 [INFO] Loading findbugs plugin: C:\Users\tgriusys\eclipse-workspace\simpleProject\target\sonar\findbugs\findsecbugs-plugin.jar 
14:37:19:207 [INFO] Findbugs output report: C:\Users\tgriusys\eclipse-workspace\simpleProject\target\sonar\findbugs-result.xml 
14:37:20:931 [INFO] Sensor FindBugs Sensor [findbugs] (done) | time=2979ms 
14:37:20:932 [INFO] Sensor SurefireSensor [java] 
14:37:20:933 [INFO] parsing [C:\Users\tgriusys\eclipse-workspace\simpleProject\target\surefire-reports] 
14:37:20:935 [INFO] Sensor SurefireSensor [java] (done) | time=3ms 
14:37:20:935 [INFO] Sensor JaCoCoSensor [java] 
14:37:20:938 [INFO] Sensor JaCoCoSensor [java] (done) | time=3ms 
14:37:20:938 [INFO] Sensor SonarJavaXmlFileSensor [java] 
14:37:20:950 [INFO] 1 source files to be analyzed 
14:37:21:577 [INFO] Sensor SonarJavaXmlFileSensor [java] (done) | time=639ms 
14:37:21:578 [INFO] 1/1 source files have been analyzed 
14:37:21:578 [INFO] Sensor XML Sensor [xml] 
14:37:21:719 [INFO] Sensor XML Sensor [xml] (done) | time=141ms 
14:37:21:719 [INFO] Sensor Zero Coverage Sensor 
14:37:21:737 [INFO] Sensor Zero Coverage Sensor (done) | time=18ms 
14:37:21:738 [INFO] Sensor CPD Block Indexer 
14:37:21:757 [INFO] Sensor CPD Block Indexer (done) | time=19ms 
14:37:21:758 [INFO] SCM Publisher is disabled 
14:37:21:759 [INFO] 6 files had no CPD blocks 
14:37:21:759 [INFO] Calculating CPD for 0 files 
14:37:21:760 [INFO] CPD calculation finished 
14:37:21:889 [INFO] Analysis report generated in 112ms, dir size=19 KB 
14:37:21:931 [INFO] Analysis reports compress

内容的提问来源于stack exchange，提问作者Tomas Griu拧ys