如何将结构体数组传递给函数？读取艺术家数据代码重构

Let’s split your existing code into modular functions to clean up your main file. This makes your code easier to maintain, read, and reuse elsewhere in your program. Here’s a step-by-step solution:

1. Define Your Struct (and Consider a Header File) #

First, keep your cantanti struct definition (you can move this to a separate header file like artisti.h later if you want to use it across multiple files):

#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <ctype.h>
#include <time.h>

#define max 30
#define maxu 20
#define sessomu 6
#define sessom 6

struct cantanti {
    int id;
    char nome[max], cognome[max], nazionalita[max], sesso[sessom], genere[max];
};

2. Create a Function to Load Artists from File #

This function handles opening the file, reading the artist count, populating the struct array, and closing the file. It returns the number of artists loaded (or -1 if there’s an error like a missing file):

int loadArtists(struct cantanti array[], const char *filename) {
    FILE *fp = fopen(filename, "r");
    if (fp == NULL) {
        printf("Errore: Impossibile aprire il file %s\n", filename);
        return -1;
    }

    int nartisti;
    fscanf(fp, "%d", &nartisti);

    for (int i = 0; i < nartisti; i++) {
        fscanf(fp, "%d %s %s %s %s %s",
               &array[i].id,
               array[i].nome,
               array[i].cognome,
               array[i].nazionalita,
               array[i].sesso,
               array[i].genere);
    }

    fclose(fp);
    return nartisti;
}

3. Create a Function to Print the Artist List #

Move all the printing logic into its own function to separate data loading from presentation:

void printArtists(struct cantanti array[], int count) {
    printf(" _____________________________________________________________________________________\n");
    printf("|| %-5s || %-12s || %-12s || %-15s || %-4s || %-12s ||\n",
           "<ID>", "<NOME>", "<COGNOME>", "<NAZIONALITA'>", "<SESSO>", "<GENERE>");
    printf("||_______||______________||______________||_________________||_________||______________||\n");

    for (int i = 0; i < count; i++) {
        printf("||%-6d || %-12s || %-12s || %-15s || %-7s || %-12s ||\n",
               array[i].id,
               array[i].nome,
               array[i].cognome,
               array[i].nazionalita,
               array[i].sesso,
               array[i].genere);
        printf("||_______||______________||______________||_________________||_________||______________||\n");
    }

    printf("**************************| Sono stati letti %d autori dal file |****************\n", count);
    printf("***************************\\___________________________________________/ ****************\n\n");
}

4. Simplify Your Main Function #

Now your main code’s case 1 becomes much shorter and cleaner:

int main() {
    struct cantanti arrayc[100];
    int choice;

    // ... (your other menu logic here)

    switch(choice) {
        case 1: {
            system("cls");
            int nartisti = loadArtists(arrayc, "artisti.dat");
            if (nartisti != -1) {
                printArtists(arrayc, nartisti);
            }
            system("pause");
            system("cls");
            break;
        }
        // ... (other cases here)
    }

    return 0;
}

Key Improvements #

• Modularity: Each function has a single responsibility (loading data vs printing), making your code easier to debug and modify.
• Error Handling: Added a check for failed file openings, which your original code didn’t have.
• Maintainability: If you need to change how artists are loaded or printed later, you only modify one function instead of digging through a huge main block.

内容的提问来源于stack exchange，提问作者Giacomo Corcella