树莓派3（Raspbian Stretch）安装CMake失败求助

Hey there! Let's work through this CMake issue you're facing. The error you're seeing happens because the 2018-03-13 Raspbian Stretch build uses outdated package sources that have been archived by Debian. Let's start with the most reliable fix, then move to manual extraction if needed.

First: Update Your APT Sources to Use Archived Repositories #

Since Stretch is no longer supported, the default sources don't host the packages anymore. We need to point APT to the archive servers:

1. Backup your original sources list first (just in case):

   sudo cp /etc/apt/sources.list /etc/apt/sources.list.bak
   

2. Edit the sources list file with nano:

   sudo nano /etc/apt/sources.list
   

3. Replace all existing content with these archive sources:

   deb http://archive.debian.org/debian stretch main contrib non-free
   deb-src http://archive.debian.org/debian stretch main contrib non-free
   deb http://archive.debian.org/debian-security stretch/updates main contrib non-free
   deb-src http://archive.debian.org/debian-security stretch/updates main contrib non-free
   

4. Save and exit nano (press Ctrl+O, then Enter, then Ctrl+X).
5. Add a config to bypass expired package signature checks (since archive packages are no longer signed with valid dates):

   sudo sh -c 'echo "Acquire::Check-Valid-Until \"false\";" >> /etc/apt/apt.conf.d/10-nocheckvalid'
   

6. Update your package list and try installing again:

   sudo apt-get update && sudo apt-get install build-essential cmake pkg-config
   

If this works, you're all set! If not, let's go with manual extraction of a pre-compiled CMake binary.

Alternative: Manually Install Pre-Compiled CMake (Extracting Library/Binary Files) #

This method involves downloading a pre-built CMake package for ARM architectures and copying its files to your system directories:

1. Confirm your Raspberry Pi's architecture (should be armhf or armv7l):

   uname -m
   

2. Download a compatible CMake version (we'll use 3.13.5, which works well with Stretch):

   wget https://github.com/Kitware/CMake/releases/download/v3.13.5/cmake-3.13.5-Linux-armhf.tar.gz
   

3. Extract the tarball:

   tar -xzvf cmake-3.13.5-Linux-armhf.tar.gz
   

4. Copy the extracted files to system-wide directories (this "extracts" the library/binary files to where your system can find them):

   sudo cp -r cmake-3.13.5-Linux-armhf/bin/* /usr/local/bin/
   sudo cp -r cmake-3.13.5-Linux-armhf/lib/* /usr/local/lib/
   sudo cp -r cmake-3.13.5-Linux-armhf/share/* /usr/local/share/
   

5. Verify the installation worked:

   cmake --version
   

Note on pip install cmake #

Just to clarify: the cmake package on PyPI is a Python wrapper for CMake, not the actual system CMake binary. That's why installing it didn't fix your issue—you need the standalone system tool, not the Python binding.

内容的提问来源于stack exchange，提问作者shawng