自定义Windows 10 CryptoProvider问题：软件卡顿排查及注册咨询

Let’s tackle your two separate OS-related problems one by one, since they stem from different Windows security and compatibility rules:

Windows 7: Unsigned CSP Error #

This is expected behavior—Windows 7 enforces mandatory code signing for CSPs, unlike Windows 8 and later. Even though you followed the Service Provider Cookbook, Win7 will block any unauthenticated CSP from loading to prevent malicious crypto providers from being injected.

To fix this:

• Sign your CSP DLL with a valid code-signing certificate. If you don’t have a commercial certificate, you can use a self-signed one, but you’ll need to import the certificate into the Trusted Root Certification Authorities store on your Win7 machine (local machine context, not just user).
• Double-check that the signature is properly applied—use signtool verify /pa yourcsp.dll to confirm the signature is valid for code execution.

Windows 10: Application Freezing with Unsigned CSP #

First, let’s rule out missing registration steps, then dig into potential code or system-level issues:

1. Verify CSP Registration Correctness #

Even without mandatory signing, incorrect registration can lead to unexpected behavior:

• Match DLL architecture to your app: If your Windows app is 32-bit, your CSP DLL must also be 32-bit, and you need to register it in the Wow6432Node registry path:

  HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SOFTWARE\Wow6432Node\Microsoft\Cryptography\Defaults\Provider\<Your CSP Name>
  

  64-bit apps use the standard HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SOFTWARE\Microsoft\Cryptography\Defaults\Provider path. Ensure the Image Path value points to the correct DLL location (SysWOW64 for 32-bit, System32 for 64-bit).
• Validate exported functions: Use dumpbin /exports yourcsp.dll to confirm all required CryptoAPI functions are exported with the correct names (e.g., CPAcquireContext, CPReleaseContext, CPCreateHash). Missing or misnamed functions can cause the app to hang while trying to resolve entries.
• Check registry permissions: Ensure the Cryptography registry keys have read access for the user running the app. Restricted permissions can lead to slow registry lookups or failed loads.

2. Investigate CSP Code for Blocking Behavior #

Most often, app freezing with a custom CSP comes from issues in your implementation:

• Look for blocking operations: If your CSP’s functions include unoptimized loops, waiting on uninitialized resources, or synchronous network calls without timeouts, this will cause the app to hang when calling CryptoAPI methods.
• Check for memory leaks or resource contention: Poor memory management or race conditions in your CSP can lead to gradual performance degradation or sudden freezes. Use tools like Visual Studio’s Memory Profiler or Windows Performance Recorder to track resource usage.
• Debug the call stack: Attach a debugger to the frozen app and check the call stack—if it’s stuck in one of your CSP’s exported functions, that’s the root cause you need to fix.

3. Windows 10 Security Scans #

Win10’s SmartScreen and Microsoft Defender may perform extra checks on unsigned DLLs, causing initial load delays or freezes:

• Temporarily add your CSP DLL to Defender’s exclusion list (Settings > Update & Security > Windows Security > Virus & Threat Protection > Manage Settings > Add or Remove Exclusions) to test if this resolves the freeze. Remember to revert this after testing for security.
• Check the Event Viewer (Windows Logs > Application) for any warnings or errors related to your CSP DLL or CryptoAPI—this might reveal security-related blocks.

内容的提问来源于stack exchange，提问作者Robert