如何基于CSV列表在目录中查找文件并移动至指定文件夹？（Python）

Hey there! Let's break down what's going wrong with your code and fix it up. I see a few key issues that are causing your script to jump straight to the else branch and stop after the first row:

Key Issues in Your Current Code #

• Path Escaping Problems: Windows paths use backslashes (\), which are treated as escape characters in Python strings. You need to use raw strings (prefix with r) or double backslashes to avoid this.
• Incorrect File Existence Check: if file_name in existing_path_prefix checks if the filename is a substring of the path string, not if the actual file exists at that path. You should use os.path.exists() instead.
• Unnecessary break Statement: This stops your loop after the first row, so you'll never process more than one file.
• Skipping the Header Row: Your CSV has a header, but your script tries to process it as a data row (looking for a file named "File Name").
• Potential Encoding Issues: Excel-exported CSVs sometimes have a UTF-8 BOM, so specifying encoding='utf-8-sig' can prevent read errors.

Fixed Version of Your Original Script #

Here's the adjusted code that addresses all these issues:

import csv
import os
import shutil

def main():
    # Use raw strings for Windows paths to avoid escape character issues
    csv_file = r"G:\Key Accounts\Ebills\Lex Bot Test\Test 2\EB Mapping.csv"
    base_path = r"G:\Key Accounts\Ebills\Lex Bot Test\Test 2\PDFs"

    with open(csv_file, 'r', encoding='utf-8-sig') as f:
        reader = csv.reader(f)
        next(reader)  # Skip the header row
        for row in reader:
            if not row:  # Skip empty rows if any
                continue
            file_name = row[0].strip()
            folder_name = row[1].strip()
            
            existing_file_path = os.path.join(base_path, file_name)
            target_folder_path = os.path.join(base_path, folder_name)

            # Check if the file actually exists at the path
            if os.path.exists(existing_file_path):
                print(f"Found file: {existing_file_path}")
                # Ensure target folder exists (you said it does, but just in case)
                os.makedirs(target_folder_path, exist_ok=True)
                shutil.move(existing_file_path, os.path.join(target_folder_path, file_name))
                print(f"Successfully moved to: {target_folder_path}")
            else:
                print(f"Warning: File not found - {existing_file_path}")

if __name__ == "__main__":
    main()

Alternative: Using Pandas for Cleaner Handling #

If you're open to using Pandas, it makes parsing the CSV even simpler and more readable:

import os
import shutil
import pandas as pd

def main():
    base_path = r"G:\Key Accounts\Ebills\Lex Bot Test\Test 2\PDFs"
    df = pd.read_csv(r"G:\Key Accounts\Ebills\Lex Bot Test\Test 2\EB Mapping.csv")

    for _, row in df.iterrows():
        file_name = str(row['File Name']).strip()
        folder_name = str(row['Folder Name']).strip()
        
        existing_file_path = os.path.join(base_path, file_name)
        target_folder_path = os.path.join(base_path, folder_name)

        if os.path.exists(existing_file_path):
            os.makedirs(target_folder_path, exist_ok=True)
            shutil.move(existing_file_path, os.path.join(target_folder_path, file_name))
            print(f"Moved: {file_name} -> {folder_name}")
        else:
            print(f"File missing: {file_name}")

if __name__ == "__main__":
    main()

Notes for Both Solutions #

• The exist_ok=True in os.makedirs() is a safety net in case any target folders are missing (you mentioned they exist, but this prevents crashes if something's off).
• Adding .strip() to filenames/folder names removes any accidental leading/trailing spaces that might cause mismatches.
• Raw strings (r"path") eliminate escape character headaches in Windows paths.

内容的提问来源于stack exchange，提问作者Lex Dunko