如何通过Bash为Chromium添加语言并启用拼写检查？

Great question! You’re absolutely right that Chromium’s command-line switches don’t include direct options for managing language preferences or spell check settings. However, since Chromium stores nearly all its user preferences in a structured JSON file, we can modify this file directly using Bash tools like jq to replicate the GUI-based "Settings > Advanced > Languages" workflow.

Here’s a step-by-step guide to do this:

1. Locate Chromium’s Preferences File #

First, find the path to your Chromium user profile’s Preferences file. This varies by OS:

• Linux: ~/.config/chromium/Default/Preferences
• macOS: ~/Library/Application Support/Chromium/Default/Preferences
• Windows: %LOCALAPPDATA%\Chromium\User Data\Default\Preferences (adapt commands for WSL or Git Bash if using Windows)

2. Close Chromium First #

Important: Chromium overwrites the Preferences file on exit, so make sure all Chromium windows/tabs are closed before making changes.

3. Install jq (If Not Already Installed) #

We’ll use jq to safely edit the JSON file without breaking its structure. Install it via your package manager:

• Debian/Ubuntu: sudo apt install jq
• macOS (Homebrew): brew install jq
• Fedora/RHEL: sudo dnf install jq

4. Modify Preferences via Bash Script #

Below is an example script that adds French (fr) as an active language, keeps English (en-US) as a secondary language, and enables spell check for both. Adjust the language codes to match your needs (e.g., es for Spanish, de for German).

Step 4.1: Backup the Preferences File #

Always back up the original file before making changes:

cp ~/.config/chromium/Default/Preferences ~/.config/chromium/Default/Preferences.bak

Step 4.2: Edit the JSON Preferences #

Run this jq command to update the language and spell check settings:

jq '
  # Set the list of accepted languages (comma-separated)
  .profile.language_settings.accept_languages = "en-US,fr" |
  # Enable spell check for the specified dictionaries
  .spellcheck.dictionary = ["en-US", "fr"] |
  # Set the active (default) language
  .profile.language_settings.selected_language = "fr" |
  # Ensure spell check is globally enabled
  .spellcheck.enabled = true
' ~/.config/chromium/Default/Preferences > temp_preferences && mv temp_preferences ~/.config/chromium/Default/Preferences

Step 4.3: Fix File Permissions (If Needed) #

If you run into permission issues after editing, reset the file ownership to your user:

chown $USER:$USER ~/.config/chromium/Default/Preferences

5. Verify the Changes #

Launch Chromium and navigate to Settings > Advanced > Languages—you should see your specified languages listed, with the selected one set as default, and spell check enabled for both.

Notes: #

• For Chromium derivatives like Google Chrome, the path will be similar (e.g., ~/.config/google-chrome/Default/Preferences on Linux).
• Language codes follow the ISO 639-1 standard (e.g., pt-BR for Brazilian Portuguese, zh-CN for Simplified Chinese).
• If you need to add more languages, simply extend the comma-separated string in accept_languages and the array in spellcheck.dictionary.

内容的提问来源于stack exchange，提问作者ElToro1966