Oracle Cloud上Ubuntu 22.04执行sudo apt update时出现Failed to Fetch错误的解决咨询

我在Oracle Cloud上使用Canonical Ubuntu 22.04和Ubuntu 22.04 Minimal两个版本，执行sudo apt update时都碰到了相同的404错误，具体报错信息如下：

E: Failed to fetch http://us-sanjose-1-ad-1.clouds.ports.ubuntu.com/ubuntu-ports/dists/jammy/main/binary-i386/Packages  404  Not Found [IP: 185.125.190.36 80]
E: Failed to fetch http://ports.ubuntu.com/ubuntu-ports/dists/jammy-security/main/binary-i386/Packages  404  Not Found [IP: 185.125.190.36 80]
E: Failed to fetch http://us-sanjose-1-ad-1.clouds.ports.ubuntu.com/ubuntu-ports/dists/jammy-updates/main/binary-i386/Packages  404  Not Found [IP: 185.125.190.36 80]
E: Failed to fetch http://us-sanjose-1-ad-1.clouds.ports.ubuntu.com/ubuntu-ports/dists/jammy-backports/main/binary-i386/Packages  404  Not Found [IP: 185.125.190.36 80]
E: Some index files failed to download. They have been ignored, or old ones used instead.

当前我的/etc/apt/sources.list内容如下（部分行存在截断）：

deb http://us-sanjose-1-ad-1.clouds.ports.ubuntu.com/ubuntu-ports/ jammy multiv>
# deb-src http://us-sanjose-1-ad-1.clouds.ports.ubuntu.com/ubuntu-ports/ jammy >

deb http://us-sanjose-1-ad-1.clouds.ports.ubuntu.com/ubuntu-ports/ jammy-update>
# deb-src http://us-sanjose-1-ad-1.clouds.ports.ubuntu.com/ubuntu-ports/ jammy->

## N.B. software from this repository may not have been tested as
## extensively as that contained in the main release, although it includes
## newer versions of some applications which may provide useful features.
## Also, please note that software in backports WILL NOT receive any review
## or updates from the Ubuntu security team.

deb http://us-sanjose-1-ad-1.clouds.ports.ubuntu.com/ubuntu-ports/ jammy-backpo>
# deb-src http://us-sanjose-1-ad-1.clouds.ports.ubuntu.com/ubuntu-ports/ jammy->

deb http://ports.ubuntu.com/ubuntu-ports jammy-security main restricted
# deb-src http://ports.ubuntu.com/ubuntu-ports jammy-security main restricted

deb http://ports.ubuntu.com/ubuntu-ports jammy-security universe
# deb-src http://ports.ubuntu.com/ubuntu-ports jammy-security universe

deb http://ports.ubuntu.com/ubuntu-ports jammy-security multiverse
# deb-src http://ports.ubuntu.com/ubuntu-ports jammy-security multiverse

问题原因 #

这些404错误本质是Ubuntu 22.04（Jammy）的ubuntu-ports源已经不再维护i386架构的包索引，而你的系统要么启用了i386的外来架构支持，要么错误地给amd64架构实例使用了ports源（ports源主要针对非amd64架构，比如arm64、ppc64el等）。

解决步骤 #

步骤1：检查系统架构配置

先确认当前系统的本地架构和启用的外来架构：

# 查看本地架构
dpkg --print-architecture
# 查看启用的外来架构
dpkg --print-foreign-architectures

如果输出里有i386，而你的实例是amd64架构（Oracle Cloud的x86实例默认都是amd64），可以移除i386架构支持：

sudo dpkg --remove-architecture i386

步骤2：修正sources.list配置

根据你的实例架构选择对应的配置方式：

情况A：实例是amd64架构（最常见）

amd64实例不需要使用ubuntu-ports源，应该替换成普通的Ubuntu源。先备份原有配置：

sudo cp /etc/apt/sources.list /etc/apt/sources.list.bak

然后编辑sources.list：

sudo nano /etc/apt/sources.list

替换为Oracle Cloud圣何塞节点的amd64源：

deb http://us-sanjose-1-ad-1.clouds.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ jammy main restricted universe multiverse
deb http://us-sanjose-1-ad-1.clouds.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ jammy-updates main restricted universe multiverse
deb http://us-sanjose-1-ad-1.clouds.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ jammy-backports main restricted universe multiverse
deb http://us-sanjose-1-ad-1.clouds.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ jammy-security main restricted universe multiverse

保存退出（nano编辑器中按Ctrl+O回车确认保存，再按Ctrl+X退出）。

情况B：实例是非amd64架构（比如arm64）

如果确实需要使用ubuntu-ports源，需要在每个deb行里指定对应的架构，避免系统尝试拉取i386的包索引：

sudo nano /etc/apt/sources.list

修改为类似如下内容（请根据你的实际架构替换arch=arm64）：

deb [arch=arm64] http://us-sanjose-1-ad-1.clouds.ports.ubuntu.com/ubuntu-ports/ jammy main restricted universe multiverse
deb [arch=arm64] http://us-sanjose-1-ad-1.clouds.ports.ubuntu.com/ubuntu-ports/ jammy-updates main restricted universe multiverse
deb [arch=arm64] http://us-sanjose-1-ad-1.clouds.ports.ubuntu.com/ubuntu-ports/ jammy-backports main restricted universe multiverse
deb [arch=arm64] http://ports.ubuntu.com/ubuntu-ports jammy-security main restricted universe multiverse

步骤3：重新执行update验证

完成配置后，再次执行更新命令验证：

sudo apt update

此时应该不会再出现404错误了。

备注：内容来源于stack exchange，提问作者Stellan Coder