我在Windows 11的管理员权限PowerShell里遇到了个小麻烦：已经设置好了执行策略，Notepad、MMC、Resmon这些命令都能正常启动对应的程序，但shutdown命令却完全不按我的预期工作。执行shutdown后，控制台直接输出了一大段帮助信息，完全没触发关机操作，具体输出如下：

PS C:\WINDOWS\system32> shutdown

Usage: C:\Windows\system32\shutdown.exe [/i | /l | /s | /sg | /r | /g | /a | /p | /h | /e | /o] [/hybrid] [/soft] [/fw] [/f]
[/m \\computer][/t xxx][/d [p|u:]xx:yy [/c "comment"]]

No args    Display help. This is the same as typing /?.
/?         Display help. This is the same as not typing any options.
/i         Display the graphical user interface (GUI).
           This must be the first option.
/l         Log off. This cannot be used with /m or /d options.
/s         Shutdown the computer.
/sg        Shutdown the computer. On the next boot, if Automatic Restart Sign-On
           is enabled, automatically sign in and lock last interactive user.
           After sign in, restart any registered applications.
/r         Full shutdown and restart the computer.
/g         Full shutdown and restart the computer. After the system is rebooted,
           if Automatic Restart Sign-On is enabled, automatically sign in and
           lock last interactive user.
           After sign in, restart any registered applications.
/a         Abort a system shutdown.
           This can only be used during the time-out period.
           Combine with /fw to clear any pending boots to firmware.
/p         Turn off the local computer with no time-out or warning.
           Can be used with /d and /f options.
/h         Hibernate the local computer.
           Can be used with the /f option.
/hybrid    Performs a shutdown of the computer and prepares it for fast startup.
           Must be used with /s option.
/fw        Combine with a shutdown option to cause the next boot to go to the
           firmware user interface.
/e         Document the reason for an unexpected shutdown of a computer.
/o         Go to the advanced boot options menu and restart the computer.
           Must be used with /r option.
/m \\computer Specify the target computer.
/t xxx     Set the time-out period before shutdown to xxx seconds.
           The valid range is 0-315360000 (10 years), with a default of 30.
           If the timeout period is greater than 0, the /f parameter is
           implied.
/c "comment" Comment on the reason for the restart or shutdown.
           Maximum of 512 characters allowed.
/f         Force running applications to close without forewarning users.
           The /f parameter is implied when a value greater than 0 is
           specified for the /t parameter.
/d [p|u:]xx:yy  Provide the reason for the restart or shutdown.
           p indicates that the restart or shutdown is planned.
           u indicates that the reason is user defined.
           If neither p nor u is specified the restart or shutdown is
           unplanned.
           xx is the major reason number (positive integer less than 256).
           yy is the minor reason number (positive integer less than 65536).

Reasons on this computer:
(E = Expected U = Unexpected P = planned, C = customer defined)
Type    Major   Minor   Title
U      0   0   Other (Unplanned)
U      0   5   Other Failure: System Unresponsive
U      5   15  System Failure: Stop error
U      5   19  Security issue (Unplanned)
U      6   11  Power Failure: Cord Unplugged
U      6   12  Power Failure: Environment
P     7   0   Legacy API shutdown

后来我自己把问题解决了！多亏了大家的评论和提示，我才顺着线索找到问题根源：

• 单独执行shutdown命令只会显示帮助信息，必须加上/s参数才能触发关机操作
• 我之前尝试的Shutdown /s /t:120是错误的写法，问题出在/t参数上——正确的格式是/t 120（不需要加冒号）！我是从最基础的Shutdown命令开始逐步排查，才发现这个自己犯的低级错误的😅

备注：内容来源于stack exchange，提问作者Guy Thomas