如何修改Drupal 8中公共文件的存储路径？

Got it, let's walk through how to reconfigure your Drupal (I’m assuming this is Drupal given the familiar sites/*/files path structure) file system to use a separate Docker volume instead of the default directories. Here’s a step-by-step breakdown that works for both single and multi-site setups:

First, make a persistent volume to store your files—this keeps your data safe even if you rebuild or restart containers:

docker volume create drupal-shared-files

You need to tell Drupal to use the new path inside the container. Pick one of these options based on your setup:

Option A: Admin Interface (Single Site, Quick & Simple) #

• Log into your Drupal backend, navigate to Configuration > Media > File system (path varies slightly by Drupal version, but this is standard for 9/10).
• In the Public file system path field, enter a container-internal path like /var/www/html/shared-files (this is where we’ll mount the volume later).
• Save the configuration—Drupal will try to create the directory automatically (we’ll fix permissions next if it fails).

Option B: Edit settings.php (Multi-Site or Automation) #

For multi-site setups or if you want to automate this, edit the settings.php file for each site:

• For single site: sites/default/settings.php
• For multi-site: sites/<your-site-name>/settings.php

Add or modify these lines:

// Set public file system path to the container-internal directory
$settings['file_public_path'] = '/var/www/html/shared-files';

// Optional: If using private files, set that path too
// $settings['file_private_path'] = '/var/www/html/private-shared-files';

Update your Docker configuration to link the volume you created to the path you set in Drupal.

Using docker-compose.yml (Recommended) #

Add the volume mount to your Drupal service block:

services:
  drupal:
    image: drupal:latest
    volumes:
      - drupal-shared-files:/var/www/html/shared-files
      # Keep any existing volume mounts for modules/themes/settings here
      # - ./modules:/var/www/html/modules
    ports:
      - "8080:80"
volumes:
  drupal-shared-files:
    external: true # Omit this if you want Docker to create the volume automatically

Using docker run command #

If you’re using direct docker run commands:

docker run -d -p 8080:80 \
  -v drupal-shared-files:/var/www/html/shared-files \
  drupal:latest

Drupal needs the web server user (usually www-data for Debian/Ubuntu-based images) to have write access to the mounted volume. Do one of these:

• Quick fix via container exec:

docker exec -it <your-drupal-container-name> chown -R www-data:www-data /var/www/html/shared-files

• Automate with docker-compose:
  Add a command to ensure permissions are set on startup:

services:
  drupal:
    # ... existing config ...
    command: >
      sh -c "chown -R www-data:www-data /var/www/html/shared-files && apache2-foreground"

If you have files in the old sites/*/files directories, copy them to the new volume:

1. Pull files from the container to your local machine:

docker cp <your-drupal-container-name>:/var/www/html/sites/default/files ./temp-drupal-files

2. Push the files to the Docker volume:

docker run --rm -v drupal-shared-files:/target -v ./temp-drupal-files:/source busybox cp -r /source/* /target/

3. Re-apply permissions (from Step 4) to the migrated files.

内容的提问来源于stack exchange，提问作者Onkeltem