如何用Netlify CMS为Hugo Academic主题生成指定格式内容？

我之前在把Netlify CMS集成到Hugo Academic主题时，也碰到过同样的问题——不知道怎么生成[header]、[[gallery_item]]这类嵌套结构的Front Matter。摸索了一阵后，终于找到了对应的配置方法，分享给你：

一、文章/演讲类内容的config.yml配置 #

针对你给出的文章示例Markdown，对应的Netlify CMS配置可以这样写，能完美生成所需的嵌套结构：

- name: "posts" # 如果是演讲内容，这里改成"talks"，对应Hugo Academic的talks集合
  label: "文章"
  folder: "content/post"
  create: true
  slug: "{{year}}-{{month}}-{{day}}-{{slug}}"
  fields:
    - {label: "标题", name: "title", widget: "string"}
    - {label: "发布日期", name: "date", widget: "datetime"}
    - {label: "最后修改日期", name: "lastmod", widget: "datetime", required: false}
    - {label: "草稿", name: "draft", widget: "boolean", default: false}
    - {label: "标签", name: "tags", widget: "list", default: ["academic"]}
    - {label: "摘要", name: "summary", widget: "text"}
    # 生成[header]单层嵌套结构
    - label: "头部设置"
      name: "header"
      widget: "object"
      fields:
        - {label: "头部图片路径", name: "image", widget: "string"}
        - {label: "图片说明（支持Markdown）", name: "caption", widget: "markdown"}
    # 生成[[gallery_item]]双层数组嵌套结构
    - label: "图片集"
      name: "gallery_item"
      widget: "list"
      fields:
        - {label: "相册ID", name: "album", widget: "string"}
        - {label: "图片链接", name: "image", widget: "string"}
        - {label: "图片说明", name: "caption", widget: "string"}
    - {label: "正文内容", name: "body", widget: "markdown"}

配置说明： #

• 用widget: "object"来处理[header]这种单层的嵌套字段，把相关的子字段都包裹在这个object里；
• 用widget: "list"配合内部的fields定义，来生成[[gallery_item]]这种Hugo风格的数组型嵌套Front Matter，每添加一个列表项就会生成一条[[gallery_item]]条目。

二、About组件的配置问题与解决方案 #

后来我在配置About组件时也遇到了类似的嵌套难题，这里也把我的解决过程分享出来：

问题示例Markdown #

需要生成的About组件Front Matter如下：

+++ # About/Biography widget. widget = "about" active = true date = 2016-04-20T00:00:00 # Order that this section will appear in. weight = 5 # List your academic interests. [interests] interests = [ "Artificial Intelligence", "Computational Linguistics", "Information Retrieval" ] # List your qualifications (such as academic degrees). [[education.courses]] course = "PhD in Artificial Intelligence" institution = "Stanford University" year = 2012 [[education.courses]] course = "MEng in Artificial Intelligence" institution = "Massachusetts Institute of Technology" year = 2009 [[education.courses]] course = "BSc in Artificial Intelligence" institution = "Massachusetts Institute of Technology" year = 2008 +++

对应的config.yml解决方案片段 #

- file: "content/home/about.md"
  label: "About"
  name: "about"
  fields:
    - {label: "Widget (Don't modify)", name: "widget", widget: "string", default: "about"}
    - {label: "是否启用", name: "active", widget: "boolean", default: true }
    - {label: "设置日期", name: "date", widget: "datetime" }
    - {label: "权重（控制显示顺序）", name: "weight", widget: "number", default: 5}
    # 处理[interests]嵌套结构
    - label: "研究兴趣"
      name: "interests"
      widget: "object"
      fields:
        - {label: "兴趣列表", name: "interests", widget: "list", default: ["Artificial Intelligence"]}
    # 处理[[education.courses]]双层嵌套结构
    - label: "教育经历"
      name: "education"
      widget: "object"
      fields:
        - label: "学历记录"
          name: "courses"
          widget: "list"
          fields:
            - {label: "学位/课程", name: "course", widget: "string"}
            - {label: "院校名称", name: "institution", widget: "string"}
            - {label: "毕业年份", name: "year", widget: "number", default: 2010}
    - { label: "正文内容", name: "body", widget: "markdown", required: false }

关键要点： #

• 对于[interests]这种内部包含数组的单层嵌套，需要用object组件包裹内部的list字段；
• 对于[[education.courses]]这种嵌套数组，要先创建education这个object，再在其内部用list组件来生成多条courses记录，这样就能正确生成Hugo所需的双层嵌套格式。

内容的提问来源于stack exchange，提问作者Álvaro Loza