Ubuntu 22.04系统中ALSA无法识别已安装声卡问题求助及解决记录

开发者阿泽

2026-4-17

我在Ubuntu 22.04上碰到了个特别头疼的声卡问题——不管怎么尝试，系统就是检测不到我的声卡，声音选项里始终只有「Dummy Output」。

我试过社区里其他用户分享的各种解决方案，也多次重装ALSA和PulseAudio，还修改过/etc/default/grub文件，但全都没效果。我已经确认不是外接音频设备的问题，换了好几个设备测试都能在其他系统正常工作，所以肯定是软件层面出了问题。

我用下面的命令生成了ALSA诊断报告：

wget http://www.alsa-project.org/alsa-info.sh -O alsa-info.sh && bash alsa-info.sh

以下是诊断报告的核心内容：

!!################################
!!ALSA Information Script v 0.5.3
!!################################

!!Script ran on: Tue Mar 26 10:09:00 UTC 2024


!!Linux Distribution
!!------------------

Ubuntu 22.04.4 LTS \n \l DISTRIB_ID=Ubuntu DISTRIB_DESCRIPTION="Ubuntu 22.04.4 LTS" PRETTY_NAME="Ubuntu 22.04.4 LTS" NAME="Ubuntu" ID=ubuntu ID_LIKE=debian HOME_URL="https://www.ubuntu.com/" SUPPORT_URL="https://help.ubuntu.com/" BUG_REPORT_URL="https://bugs.launchpad.net/ubuntu/" PRIVACY_POLICY_URL="https://www.ubuntu.com/legal/terms-and-policies/privacy-policy" UBUNTU_CODENAME=jammy


!!DMI Information
!!---------------

Manufacturer:      Trigkey
Product Name:      S5
Product Version:   Default string
Firmware Version:  5800H506
System SKU:        Default string
Board Vendor:      Trigkey
Board Name:        S5


!!ACPI Device Status Information
!!---------------

/sys/bus/acpi/devices/AMDI0030:00/status     15
/sys/bus/acpi/devices/CPLM3218:02/status     15
/sys/bus/acpi/devices/LNXPOWER:00/status     1
/sys/bus/acpi/devices/LNXPOWER:01/status     1
/sys/bus/acpi/devices/LNXPOWER:02/status     1
/sys/bus/acpi/devices/LNXPOWER:03/status     1
/sys/bus/acpi/devices/LNXVIDEO:00/status     15
/sys/bus/acpi/devices/MSFT0101:00/status     15
/sys/bus/acpi/devices/NXP8013:02/status      15
/sys/bus/acpi/devices/PNP0103:00/status      15
/sys/bus/acpi/devices/PNP0A08:00/status      15
/sys/bus/acpi/devices/PNP0C01:00/status      15
/sys/bus/acpi/devices/PNP0C02:01/status      15
/sys/bus/acpi/devices/PNP0C02:03/status      15
/sys/bus/acpi/devices/PNP0C0C:00/status      11
/sys/bus/acpi/devices/PNP0C0F:00/status      11
/sys/bus/acpi/devices/PNP0C0F:01/status      11
/sys/bus/acpi/devices/PNP0C0F:02/status      11
/sys/bus/acpi/devices/PNP0C0F:03/status      11
/sys/bus/acpi/devices/PNP0C0F:04/status      11
/sys/bus/acpi/devices/PNP0C0F:05/status      11
/sys/bus/acpi/devices/PNP0C0F:06/status      11
/sys/bus/acpi/devices/PNP0C0F:07/status      11
/sys/bus/acpi/devices/PNP0C50:00/status      15
/sys/bus/acpi/devices/PNP0C50:06/status      15
/sys/bus/acpi/devices/device:32/status   11
/sys/bus/acpi/devices/device:33/status   11
/sys/bus/acpi/devices/device:34/status   11
/sys/bus/acpi/devices/device:35/status   11
/sys/bus/acpi/devices/device:36/status   11
/sys/bus/acpi/devices/device:37/status   11
/sys/bus/acpi/devices/device:38/status   11
/sys/bus/acpi/devices/device:39/status   11
/sys/bus/acpi/devices/device:3a/status   11
/sys/bus/acpi/devices/device:3b/status   11
/sys/bus/acpi/devices/device:3c/status   11


!!Kernel Information
!!------------------

Kernel release:    #111-Ubuntu SMP Tue Mar 5 20:16:58 UTC 2024
Operating System:  GNU/Linux
Architecture:      x86_64
Processor:         x86_64
SMP Enabled:       Yes


!!ALSA Version
!!------------

Driver version:     
Library version:    1.2.6.1
Utilities version:  1.2.6


!!Loaded ALSA modules
!!-------------------



!!Sound Servers on this system
!!----------------------------

PipeWire:
      Installed - Yes (/usr/bin/pipewire)
      Running - Yes

Pulseaudio:
      Installed - Yes (/home/stephen/anaconda3/bin/pulseaudio)
      Running - Yes

Jack:
      Installed - Yes (/home/stephen/anaconda3/bin/jackd)
      Running - No


!!Soundcards recognised by ALSA
!!-----------------------------



!!PCI Soundcards installed in the system
!!--------------------------------------

04:00.1 Audio device [0403]: Advanced Micro Devices, Inc. [AMD/ATI] Renoir Radeon High Definition Audio Controller [1002:1637]
    Subsystem: Advanced Micro Devices, Inc. [AMD/ATI] Renoir Radeon High Definition Audio Controller [1002:1637]
04:00.6 Audio device [0403]: Advanced Micro Devices, Inc. [AMD] Family 17h (Models 10h-1fh) HD Audio Controller [1022:15e3]
    DeviceName: HD Audio Controller


!!Modprobe options (Sound related)
!!--------------------------------

snd_pcsp: index=-2
snd_usb_audio: index=-2
snd_atiixp_modem: index=-2
snd_intel8x0m: index=-2
snd_via82xx_modem: index=-2
snd_atiixp_modem: index=-2
snd_intel8x0m: index=-2
snd_via82xx_modem: index=-2
snd_usb_audio: index=-2
snd_usb_caiaq: index=-2
snd_usb_ua101: index=-2
snd_usb_us122l: index=-2
snd_usb_usx2y: index=-2
snd_cmipci: mpu_port=0x330 fm_port=0x388
snd_pcsp: index=-2
snd_usb_audio: index=-2
snd_hda_intel: model=auto
snd_hda_intel: dmic_detect=0


!!Loaded sound module options
!!---------------------------


!!Sysfs card info
!!---------------

!!Card: /sys/class/sound/card*
Driver: 
Tree:
    /sys/class/sound/card*  [error opening dir]


!!ALSA Device nodes
!!-----------------

crw-rw----  1 root audio 116,  1 Mar 26 10:02 /dev/snd/seq
crw-rw----  1 root audio 116, 33 Mar 26 10:02 /dev/snd/timer


!!Aplay/Arecord output
!!--------------------

APLAY

aplay: device_list:274: no soundcards found...

ARECORD

arecord: device_list:274: no soundcards found...

!!Amixer output
!!-------------


!!Alsactl output
!!--------------

--startcollapse--
--endcollapse--


!!All Loaded Modules
!!------------------

aesni_intel
af_alg
algif_hash
algif_skcipher
amdgpu
autofs4
binfmt_misc
bluetooth
bnep
btbcm
btintel
btrtl
btusb
ccp
cec
cfg80211
cm32181
cmac
crc32_pclmul
crct10dif_pclmul
cryptd
crypto_simd
drm
drm_kms_helper
drm_ttm_helper
ecc
ecdh_generic
edac_mce_amd
efi_pstore
fb_sys_fops
ghash_clmulni_intel
gpu_sched
hid
hid_generic
i2c_algo_bit
i2c_hid
i2c_hid_acpi
i2c_piix4
industrialio
input_leds
intel_rapl_common
intel_rapl_msr
iommu_v2
ip_tables
iwlmvm
iwlwifi
joydev
k10temp
kvm
kvm_amd
libarc4
lp
mac80211
mac_hid
msr
nls_iso8859_1
nvme
nvme_core
parport
parport_pc
ppdev
psmouse
r8169
rapl
rc_core
realtek
sch_fq_codel
serio_raw
sha1_ssse3
sha256_ssse3
soundcore
syscopyarea
sysfillrect
sysimgblt
ttm
usbhid
video
wmi
wmi_bmof
x_tables
xhci_pci
xhci_pci_renesas


!!ALSA/HDA dmesg
!!--------------



!!Packages installed
!!--------------------

ii  alsa-topology-conf                             1.2.5.1-2                               all          ALSA topology configuration files
ii  alsa-ucm-conf                                  1.2.6.3-1ubuntu1.11                     all          ALSA Use Case Manager configuration files
ii  alsa-utils                                     1.2.6-1ubuntu1                          amd64        Utilities for configuring and using ALSA

真的快被逼疯了，有没有大佬能给点解决思路？

编辑1： 我从Ubuntu官网重新下载镜像，全新安装了22.04，但问题还是没解决。我又尝试了这些操作：

检查alsamixer里所有选项都没有静音（确实都处于未静音状态）
执行sudo alsa force-reload时，卡在卸载snd-rn-pci-acp3x这一步，根本无法完成
运行lsmod | grep snd_hda_intel，显示snd_hda_intel模块已经加载，但不知道接下来该怎么推进

编辑2： 彻底卸载并重新安装pulseaudio之后，问题居然解决了——把这个方法发在这里，希望以后遇到同样问题的人能看到！

备注：内容来源于stack exchange，提问作者Stephen