如何提取邮件文件接收日期并转换为yyyy_mm_dd_hh_mm格式？

Got it, here's the complete PowerShell script to extract the received date from your EML file's 4th line, convert it to your desired format, and append it to the filename:

# Navigate to the directory containing your EML file
cd C:\Temp\Test

# Define the target EML file (adjust this if you're processing multiple files later)
$emailFilePath = "RemoteBackupServer.eml"

# Pull the 4th line (index 3) which holds the raw date string
$rawDateString = Get-Content $emailFilePath | Select-Object -Index 3

# Parse the raw date string into a proper DateTime object
# The format string matches your input: "Tue, 1 May 2018 15:56:12 +0200"
$parsedDate = [DateTime]::ParseExact(
    $rawDateString,
    "ddd, d MMM yyyy HH:mm:ss zzz",
    [System.Globalization.CultureInfo]::InvariantCulture
)

# Format the DateTime object to your required yyyy_mm_dd_hh_mm pattern
$formattedDate = $parsedDate.ToString("yyyy_MM_dd_HH_mm")

# Generate the new filename (original name + formatted date + original extension)
$originalFileName = [System.IO.Path]::GetFileNameWithoutExtension($emailFilePath)
$fileExtension = [System.IO.Path]::GetExtension($emailFilePath)
$newFileName = "$originalFileName`_$formattedDate$fileExtension"

# Rename the file
Rename-Item -Path $emailFilePath -NewName $newFileName

Key Details Explained: #

• Parsing the Date: The ParseExact method is critical here because it lets us explicitly match the exact format of your date string. The format tokens break down like this:

  • ddd: Abbreviated weekday (e.g., "Tue")
  • d: Day of the month without leading zero (e.g., "1")
  • MMM: Abbreviated month name (e.g., "May")
  • yyyy: 4-digit year
  • HH: 24-hour format hour (e.g., "15")
  • mm: Minutes
  • ss: Seconds
  • zzz: Time zone offset (e.g., "+0200")
  • Using InvariantCulture ensures the parsing works regardless of your system's regional settings.

• Generating the Filename: Using [System.IO.Path] methods to split the filename and extension is safer than manual string splitting—it handles edge cases like filenames with multiple dots automatically.

Bonus: Batch Processing Multiple EML Files #

If you need to do this for all EML files in the directory, use this loop instead:

cd C:\Temp\Test

Get-ChildItem -Filter *.eml | ForEach-Object {
    $rawDateString = Get-Content $_.FullName | Select-Object -Index 3
    $parsedDate = [DateTime]::ParseExact(
        $rawDateString,
        "ddd, d MMM yyyy HH:mm:ss zzz",
        [System.Globalization.CultureInfo]::InvariantCulture
    )
    $formattedDate = $parsedDate.ToString("yyyy_MM_dd_HH_mm")
    $newFileName = "$($_.BaseName)`_$formattedDate$($_.Extension)"
    Rename-Item -Path $_.FullName -NewName $newFileName
}

Just make sure all your EML files have the date on the 4th line—if some vary, you might need to adjust the logic to search for the Received: header instead of relying on line index!

内容的提问来源于stack exchange，提问作者Skanderbeg