Tomcat开发环境修改Spring Boot配置默认路径及多配置文件设置

Hey there! Let's work through your two Spring Boot configuration questions step by step—since you're using spring-boot-starter-parent 1.5.10, I'll make sure the answers fit that specific version perfectly.

Spring Boot loads config files from fixed default locations by default (like src/main/resources/, classpath:/config/, etc.). To override or expand this default path, here are the most practical methods:

• Command-line arguments (quickest for one-off adjustments)：
  Specify the path directly when starting your app. If you want to keep the default paths and add new ones, use spring.config.additional-location (supported in 1.5.10) to avoid overwriting default configs:

  # Replace default paths entirely
  java -jar your-app.jar --spring.config.location=file:/path/to/your/custom/config/
  
  # Add extra paths while keeping defaults
  java -jar your-app.jar --spring.config.additional-location=file:/path/to/extra/config/
  

• JVM system properties：
  Set the path via JVM arguments, useful if you need to embed this in startup scripts:

  java -Dspring.config.location=file:/path/to/your/config/ -jar your-app.jar
  

• Programmatic configuration：
  Customize the SpringApplication instance in your main class to hardcode the path (good for fixed dev environments):

  @SpringBootApplication
  public class YourAppApplication {
      public static void main(String[] args) {
          SpringApplication app = new SpringApplication(YourAppApplication.class);
          app.setDefaultProperties(Collections.singletonMap("spring.config.location", "file:/path/to/your/config/"));
          app.run(args);
      }
  }
  

For your scenario of splitting config across two properties files, here are three reliable approaches tailored to 1.5.10:

Method 1: Configure via the main application.properties #

Add the spring.config.additional-location property to your primary application.properties to specify the second file. Configs from both files will merge (duplicate keys in the second file will override the first):

# Main application.properties
spring.datasource.url=url
spring.datasource.username=root
spring.jpa.show-sql=false
spring.jpa.hibernate.ddl-auto=update
# ... your other main configs

# Point to the second config file (supports classpath or absolute file paths)
spring.config.additional-location=classpath:/datasource-details.properties

Your second file (datasource-details.properties) can hold just the complementary config:

# datasource-details.properties
spring.datasource.password=password
spring.datasource.driver-class-name=com.mysql.jdbc.Driver
spring.datasource.type=com.zaxxer.hikari.HikariDataSource

Method 2: Use the @PropertySource annotation #

Add this annotation to your main application class or a config class to explicitly load multiple properties files:

@SpringBootApplication
@PropertySource(value = {"classpath:/application.properties", "classpath:/datasource-details.properties"})
public class YourAppApplication {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        SpringApplication.run(YourAppApplication.class, args);
    }
}

Note: If using this method, be sure to include the main application.properties to retain default loading behavior. For external files, use the file: prefix (e.g., @PropertySource("file:/opt/config/extra-config.properties")).

Method 3: Command-line argument for deployment #

Specify both file paths directly when starting the app, separated by commas:

java -jar your-app.jar --spring.config.location=classpath:/application.properties,file:/path/to/your/second-config.properties

内容的提问来源于stack exchange，提问作者Narges