能否用XSL 1.0将含不确定数量Field属性的XML归一化为键值对？

Here's a straightforward solution that maps the header fields (from the first Record) to their corresponding values in subsequent records, producing clean key-value elements:

XSLT 1.0 Stylesheet #

<xsl:stylesheet version="1.0" xmlns:xsl="http://www.w3.org/1999/XSL/Transform">
  <xsl:output method="xml" indent="yes"/>

  <xsl:template match="Table">
    <NormalizedData>
      <!-- Store the first record (field names) in a variable -->
      <xsl:variable name="header-fields" select="Record[1]"/>

      <!-- Process all data records (skip the first header record) -->
      <xsl:for-each select="Record[position() > 1]">
        <NormalizedRecord RecordNo="{@RecordNo}">
          <!-- Iterate over every Field attribute in the current data record -->
          <xsl:for-each select="@*[starts-with(name(), 'Field')]">
            <!-- Extract the numeric suffix from the Field attribute name -->
            <xsl:variable name="field-number" select="substring-after(name(), 'Field')"/>
            
            <!-- Look up the matching field name from the header record -->
            <xsl:variable name="field-name" select="$header-fields/@*[name() = concat('Field', $field-number)]"/>

            <!-- Create an element using the header field name and set its value -->
            <xsl:element name="{$field-name}">
              <xsl:value-of select="."/>
            </xsl:element>
          </xsl:for-each>
        </NormalizedRecord>
      </xsl:for-each>
    </NormalizedData>
  </xsl:template>
</xsl:stylesheet>

How It Works #

• Header Capture: We first grab the first Record element, which contains the field names (like ID, Author) mapped to Field1, Field2, etc.
• Data Processing: For each subsequent Record, we loop through all attributes starting with Field.
• Field Mapping: For each FieldN attribute, we extract the number N, look up the corresponding field name from the header, then create a new element with that name and the attribute's value.
• Preserve RecordNo: The original RecordNo attribute is retained as an attribute on the output NormalizedRecord element.

Example Input & Output #

Input XML #

<Table>
  <Record RecordNo="1" Field1="ID" Field2="Author" Field3="Title" Field4="Genre" Field5="Price" Field6="Published" />
  <Record RecordNo="2" Field1="Book001" Field2="Gambardella, Matthew" Field3="XML Developer's Guide" Field4="Computer" Field5="44.95" Field6="2000-10-01" />
  <Record RecordNo="3" Field1="Book002" Field2="Ralls, Kim" Field3="Midnight Rain" Field4="Fantasy" Field5="5.95" Field6="2000-12-16" />
</Table>

Output XML #

<NormalizedData>
  <NormalizedRecord RecordNo="2">
    <ID>Book001</ID>
    <Author>Gambardella, Matthew</Author>
    <Title>XML Developer's Guide</Title>
    <Genre>Computer</Genre>
    <Price>44.95</Price>
    <Published>2000-10-01</Published>
  </NormalizedRecord>
  <NormalizedRecord RecordNo="3">
    <ID>Book002</ID>
    <Author>Ralls, Kim</Author>
    <Title>Midnight Rain</Title>
    <Genre>Fantasy</Genre>
    <Price>5.95</Price>
    <Published>2000-12-16</Published>
  </NormalizedRecord>
</NormalizedData>

Notes #

• This assumes your Field attributes are sequentially numbered (Field1, Field2, ...) and that the header record has matching numbers for all data fields.
• If your field names contain characters invalid for XML element names (like spaces or special characters), you may need to adjust the code to sanitize the names (e.g., replacing spaces with underscores).

内容的提问来源于stack exchange，提问作者Brian Bates