如何判断Git仓库中指定版本的文件是否具备可执行权限？

Great question! Git absolutely tracks the executable permission status of files, and there are a couple of straightforward ways to verify this for any commit (including the current HEAD):

1. Use git ls-tree to directly inspect the file mode #

This is the most direct method to check the permission mode of a file at a specific commit. Git stores file permissions in a "mode" field, where:

• 100755 means the file is executable (read/write/execute for owner, read/execute for group and others)
• 100644 means it's a regular non-executable file (read/write for owner, read-only for group and others)

Run this command, replacing <commit-hash> with your target commit (or HEAD for the current version) and <file-path> with the path to your file:

git ls-tree <commit-hash> -- <file-path>

Example Output: #

100755 blob a1b2c3d    scripts/deploy.sh

The first field (100755) tells you the file has executable permissions in that commit. If it showed 100644, the file wouldn't be executable.

2. Use git cat-file to view blob details #

If you want more granular details about the file's blob object, you can use git cat-file with the -p (pretty-print) flag. First, get the blob hash from git ls-tree, then run:

git cat-file -p <blob-hash>

The first line of output will show the mode, like:

mode 100755
blob a1b2c3d...

3. Check permission changes with git show #

As you mentioned, git show can display permission changes between commits. If you want to see when the executable permission was added or removed, run:

git show <commit-hash> -- <file-path>

Look for lines like:

diff --git a/scripts/deploy.sh b/scripts/deploy.sh
old mode 100644
new mode 100755

This tells you that the commit in question changed the file from non-executable to executable.

Note for the current working directory #

If you just want to check the local file's permissions (not the version stored in Git), you can use your system's ls -l command:

ls -l <file-path>

But keep in mind: local permissions might differ from what's in Git if you modified them without committing the change. Always use git ls-tree HEAD -- <file-path> to confirm the version tracked in the current commit.

内容的提问来源于stack exchange，提问作者Keith Thompson