如何基于TSV值重命名文件及拆分含重复表头的TSV文件？

1. Rename Files Based on Values in a TSV File #

First, let's assume your TSV has two columns: the original filename (or full path) and the new name you want to assign. For example, your mapping TSV might look like this:

old_report.tsv Q3_sales_data.tsv
raw_data_001.tsv processed_segment_2.tsv

Option 1: Python Script (Flexible for Edge Cases) #

This script reads the TSV, checks if files exist before renaming, and skips invalid rows—perfect if you need extra safety:

import os
import csv

# Update this to your mapping TSV path
mapping_tsv = "file_renames.tsv"

with open(mapping_tsv, 'r', newline='') as tsv_file:
    reader = csv.reader(tsv_file, delimiter='\t')
    for row_num, row in enumerate(reader, 1):
        if len(row) < 2:
            print(f"Skipping row {row_num}: Not enough columns")
            continue
        old_name, new_name = row[0].strip(), row[1].strip()
        if os.path.isfile(old_name):
            os.rename(old_name, new_name)
            print(f"Renamed: {old_name} → {new_name}")
        else:
            print(f"Warning: {old_name} doesn't exist (row {row_num})")

Option 2: Command Line with awk (Fast for Simple Mappings) #

If you prefer working in the terminal, this one-liner handles basic renames on Unix-like systems:

awk -F'\t' '{system("mv -n "$1" "$2)}' file_renames.tsv

The -n flag prevents accidental overwrites—remove it only if you’re sure you want to replace existing files with the new names.

2. Split TSV with Repeating Headers into Separate Files #

Your input has repeated Position A B C D headers, and you want each header + its associated data as a standalone TSV. Here are two straightforward methods:

Option 1: Python Script (Easy to Customize) #

This script tracks when it hits a header, creates a new output file, and writes lines until the next header comes up:

input_file = "your_input.tsv"
output_base_name = "segment_"
file_index = 1
current_output = None

with open(input_file, 'r') as infile:
    for line in infile:
        cleaned_line = line.strip()
        # Match your exact header text (adjust if your header has different spacing)
        if cleaned_line == "Position A B C D":
            # Close the previous file if it exists
            if current_output:
                current_output.close()
            # Create a new output file
            output_path = f"{output_base_name}{file_index}.tsv"
            current_output = open(output_path, 'w')
            file_index += 1
        # Write the line to the current file (only if we've started a file)
        if current_output:
            current_output.write(line)

# Close the last open file
if current_output:
    current_output.close()

print(f"Successfully split into {file_index - 1} files!")

This will generate segment_1.tsv, segment_2.tsv, etc., each containing one complete header-data block.

Option 2: Command Line with awk (No Python Required) #

For a terminal-only solution, this awk command does the job in one line:

awk '/^Position A B C D$/ {out_file="split_"++count".tsv"} {print > out_file}' your_input.tsv

Every time it detects the header line, it creates a new file named split_1.tsv, split_2.tsv, etc., and writes all subsequent lines to that file until the next header is found.

内容的提问来源于stack exchange，提问作者SaltedPork