如何将app.config自定义节解析为List数据结构？附配置与代码示例

Absolutely! You can parse your custom app.config section into a List<T> structure—you just need to adjust your configuration file format and update your ConfigurationSection implementation to use a collection instead of fixed properties. Here's a step-by-step breakdown:

1. Update Your app.config Structure #

First, modify your custom section to use repeatable elements (instead of fixed person1/person2 nodes). A clean approach is to wrap person entries in a container node for clarity:

<configuration>
  <configSections>
    <section name="myCustomSection" type="YourNamespace.MyCustomConfiguration, YourAssemblyName" />
  </configSections>

  <myCustomSection>
    <people>
      <person name="John" age="30" />
      <person name="Mike" age="46" />
    </people>
  </myCustomSection>
</configuration>

2. Implement the Person Configuration Element #

Create a class to represent a single <person> element, inheriting from ConfigurationElement:

public class PersonConfiguration : ConfigurationElement
{
    [ConfigurationProperty("name", IsRequired = true)]
    public string Name
    {
        get => (string)this["name"];
        set => this["name"] = value;
    }

    [ConfigurationProperty("age", IsRequired = true)]
    public int Age
    {
        get => (int)this["age"];
        set => this["age"] = value;
    }
}

3. Create a Configuration Element Collection #

Build a collection class to manage multiple PersonConfiguration instances, inheriting from ConfigurationElementCollection:

public class PersonConfigurationCollection : ConfigurationElementCollection
{
    // Create a new empty PersonConfiguration element
    protected override ConfigurationElement CreateNewElement()
    {
        return new PersonConfiguration();
    }

    // Define the unique key for each element (using the Name property here)
    protected override object GetElementKey(ConfigurationElement element)
    {
        return ((PersonConfiguration)element).Name;
    }

    // Indexer to access elements by position
    public PersonConfiguration this[int index]
    {
        get => (PersonConfiguration)BaseGet(index);
        set
        {
            if (BaseGet(index) != null)
                BaseRemoveAt(index);
            BaseAdd(index, value);
        }
    }

    // Indexer to access elements by name
    public new PersonConfiguration this[string name] => (PersonConfiguration)BaseGet(name);
}

4. Update the Main Custom Configuration Section #

Modify your MyCustomConfiguration class to expose the collection instead of fixed properties:

public class MyCustomConfiguration : ConfigurationSection
{
    [ConfigurationProperty("people", IsRequired = true)]
    public PersonConfigurationCollection People
    {
        get => (PersonConfigurationCollection)this["people"];
        set => this["people"] = value;
    }
}

5. Parse the Config into a List #

Finally, read the configuration section and convert the collection to a List<PersonConfiguration>:

// Retrieve the custom config section
var customConfig = (MyCustomConfiguration)ConfigurationManager.GetSection("myCustomSection");

// Convert the collection to a List
List<PersonConfiguration> personList = customConfig.People.Cast<PersonConfiguration>().ToList();

// Example usage: iterate over the list
foreach (var person in personList)
{
    Console.WriteLine($"Name: {person.Name}, Age: {person.Age}");
}

Alternative: Skip the Container Node #

If you prefer not to use the <people> wrapper, you can make your main MyCustomConfiguration class inherit directly from ConfigurationElementCollection (treating the section itself as the collection). Your config would look like this:

<myCustomSection>
  <person name="John" age="30" />
  <person name="Mike" age="46" />
</myCustomSection>

And the main class would be:

public class MyCustomConfiguration : ConfigurationElementCollection
{
    protected override ConfigurationElement CreateNewElement() => new PersonConfiguration();
    protected override object GetElementKey(ConfigurationElement element) => ((PersonConfiguration)element).Name;

    public PersonConfiguration this[int index]
    {
        get => (PersonConfiguration)BaseGet(index);
        set
        {
            if (BaseGet(index) != null) BaseRemoveAt(index);
            BaseAdd(index, value);
        }
    }
}

Parsing it would then simplify to:

var customConfig = (MyCustomConfiguration)ConfigurationManager.GetSection("myCustomSection");
List<PersonConfiguration> personList = customConfig.Cast<PersonConfiguration>().ToList();

内容的提问来源于stack exchange，提问作者pepeevich