嗨，我帮你整理了几个把宽longtable适配到页面宽度的实用方案，都是LaTeX里常用的解决思路，你可以根据自己的需求选择：

方法1：用longtablex结合自适应列（最推荐） #

longtablex是tabularx的扩展包，完美兼容longtable的跨页功能，同时能让X列自动分配剩余宽度，帮你把整个表格缩到页面宽度内。

代码示例：

\usepackage{longtablex} % 加载扩展包，同时兼容longtable和tabularx
\usepackage{array}

\begin{document}

\begin{longtable}{@{}X*{10}{c}@{}} 
\caption{研究期间开展的实验列表} \\
\hline
Date & Encoding & \begin{tabular}[c]{@{}c@{}}Model\\Architecture\end{tabular} & \begin{tabular}[c]{@{}c@{}}LSTM\\Units\end{tabular} & \begin{tabular}[c]{@{}c@{}}Batch\\Size\end{tabular} & \begin{tabular}[c]{@{}c@{}}Embedding\\Dimension\end{tabular} & Learning Rate & Dropout & Epochs & Optimizer & Accuracy \\
\hline
\endfirsthead
% 续表的表头，避免跨页后无表头
\multicolumn{11}{c}{\tablename\ \thetable\ -- 续表} \\
\hline
Date & Encoding & \begin{tabular}[c]{@{}c@{}}Model\\Architecture\end{tabular} & \begin{tabular}[c]{@{}c@{}}LSTM\\Units\end{tabular} & \begin{tabular}[c]{@{}c@{}}Batch\\Size\end{tabular} & \begin{tabular}[c]{@{}c@{}}Embedding\\Dimension\end{tabular} & Learning Rate & Dropout & Epochs & Optimizer & Accuracy \\
\hline
\endhead
% 表尾格式
\hline
\endfoot
\hline
\endlastfoot
% 实验数据示例，替换成你的真实数据
2023-01-05 & One-Hot & BiLSTM & 128 & 32 & 64 & 0.001 & 0.2 & 50 & Adam & 0.89 \\
2023-01-10 & Word2Vec & LSTM & 256 & 64 & 128 & 0.0005 & 0.3 & 30 & RMSprop & 0.92 \\
% 更多实验数据...
\end{longtable}

\end{document}

说明：@{}X*{10}{c}@{}里的@{}用来去掉列前后的多余空白，X列会自动填充页面剩余宽度，其余10列保持居中对齐，整个表格宽度会自动适配页面的\linewidth。

方法2：手动设置固定列宽（精确控制） #

如果你想精准控制每一列的宽度，可以把原有的c列换成p{宽度}格式，让列内文本自动换行：

\usepackage{longtable}
\usepackage{array}

\begin{document}

\begin{longtable}{@{}p{1.5cm}p{1.2cm}p{2cm}p{1cm}p{1cm}p{1.5cm}p{1.2cm}p{1cm}p{1cm}p{1.2cm}p{1.2cm}@{}}
\caption{研究期间开展的实验列表} \\
\hline
\centering Date & \centering Encoding & \centering \begin{tabular}[c]{@{}c@{}}Model\\Architecture\end{tabular} & \centering \begin{tabular}[c]{@{}c@{}}LSTM\\Units\end{tabular} & \centering \begin{tabular}[c]{@{}c@{}}Batch\\Size\end{tabular} & \centering \begin{tabular}[c]{@{}c@{}}Embedding\\Dimension\end{tabular} & \centering Learning Rate & \centering Dropout & \centering Epochs & \centering Optimizer & \centering Accuracy \\
\hline
\endfirsthead
\multicolumn{11}{c}{\tablename\ \thetable\ -- 续表} \\
\hline
\centering Date & \centering Encoding & \centering \begin{tabular}[c]{@{}c@{}}Model\\Architecture\end{tabular} & \centering \begin{tabular}[c]{@{}c@{}}LSTM\\Units\end{tabular} & \centering \begin{tabular}[c]{@{}c@{}}Batch\\Size\end{tabular} & \centering \begin{tabular}[c]{@{}c@{}}Embedding\\Dimension\end{tabular} & \centering Learning Rate & \centering Dropout & \centering Epochs & \centering Optimizer & \centering Accuracy \\
\hline
\endhead
\hline
\endfoot
\hline
\endlastfoot
% 实验数据示例
2023-01-05 & One-Hot & BiLSTM & 128 & 32 & 64 & 0.001 & 0.2 & 50 & Adam & 0.89 \\
2023-01-10 & Word2Vec & LSTM & 256 & 64 & 128 & 0.0005 & 0.3 & 30 & RMSprop & 0.92 \\
\end{longtable}

\end{document}

说明：p{宽度}会让列内文本自动换行，\centering用来让列内内容居中对齐，你可以根据实际内容调整每个p{}里的宽度数值，只要总宽度不超过页面宽度就行。

方法3：临时缩小字体（应急方案） #

如果不想调整列结构，只是临时解决宽度问题，可以给整个表格套一个字体缩小的环境，比如\small或者\footnotesize：

\usepackage{longtable}

\begin{document}

{\small % 局部缩小字体，不会影响文档其他内容
\begin{longtable}{ccccccccccc}
\caption{研究期间开展的实验列表} \\
\hline
Date & Encoding & \begin{tabular}[c]{@{}c@{}}Model\\Architecture\end{tabular} & \begin{tabular}[c]{@{}c@{}}LSTM\\Units\end{tabular} & \begin{tabular}[c]{@{}c@{}}Batch\\Size\end{tabular} & \begin{tabular}[c]{@{}c@{}}Embedding\\Dimension\end{tabular} & Learning Rate & Dropout & Epochs & Optimizer & Accuracy \\
\hline
\endfirsthead
\multicolumn{11}{c}{\tablename\ \thetable\ -- 续表} \\
\hline
Date & Encoding & \begin{tabular}[c]{@{}c@{}}Model\\Architecture\end{tabular} & \begin{tabular}[c]{@{}c@{}}LSTM\\Units\end{tabular} & \begin{tabular}[c]{@{}c@{}}Batch\\Size\end{tabular} & \begin{tabular}[c]{@{}c@{}}Embedding\\Dimension\end{tabular} & Learning Rate & Dropout & Epochs & Optimizer & Accuracy \\
\hline
\endhead
\hline
\endfoot
\hline
\endlastfoot
2023-01-05 & One-Hot & BiLSTM & 128 & 32 & 64 & 0.001 & 0.2 & 50 & Adam & 0.89 \\
2023-01-10 & Word2Vec & LSTM & 256 & 64 & 128 & 0.0005 & 0.3 & 30 & RMSprop & 0.92 \\
\end{longtable}
} % 结束字体缩小环境

\end{document}

说明：这个方法操作最简单，但可能会让字体过小影响可读性，所以更适合作为应急方案，优先推荐前两种方法。

内容的提问来源于stack exchange，提问作者Danny