如何用C#从SharePoint文件夹获取文件名及大小并导出至Excel？求实现方案

架构老林

2026-5-25

当然可以！我来给你分享两种实用的实现方案，分别是SharePoint CSOM（客户端对象模型）和Microsoft Graph API，这俩都是目前C#操作SharePoint的主流方式，最后再把收集到的文件信息导出到Excel里。

准备工作

先安装必要的NuGet包：

若使用CSOM：安装Microsoft.SharePointOnline.CSOM（针对SharePoint Online，本地服务器对应版本的CSOM包）
若使用Graph API：安装Microsoft.Graph和Microsoft.Graph.Auth
Excel导出：推荐用EPPlus（轻量级且功能全，注意EPPlus 5+需要商业许可证，非商业场景可选用4.x版本）

方案一：SharePoint CSOM实现（适合传统SharePoint场景）

这种方式对SharePoint Online和本地服务器都兼容，代码逻辑直接易懂：

using Microsoft.SharePoint.Client;
using OfficeOpenXml;
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.IO;
using System.Security;

class SharePointFileExporter
{
    static void Main(string[] args)
    {
        // 配置参数
        string siteUrl = "https://yourtenant.sharepoint.com/sites/YourSite";
        string folderRelativeUrl = "/sites/YourSite/Shared Documents/TargetFolder";
        string excelFilePath = @"C:\Export\SharePointFiles.xlsx";
        string username = "your@tenant.onmicrosoft.com";
        string password = "YourPassword";

        // 初始化客户端上下文
        using (ClientContext context = new ClientContext(siteUrl))
        {
            // 设置认证（SharePoint Online用用户名密码，本地服务器可换默认凭据）
            SecureString securePassword = new SecureString();
            foreach (char c in password) securePassword.AppendChar(c);
            context.Credentials = new SharePointOnlineCredentials(username, securePassword);

            try
            {
                // 获取目标文件夹及文件信息
                Folder targetFolder = context.Web.GetFolderByServerRelativeUrl(folderRelativeUrl);
                context.Load(targetFolder.Files, files => files.Include(
                    file => file.Name,
                    file => file.Length
                ));
                context.ExecuteQuery();

                // 收集文件数据
                List<FileInfoModel> fileInfos = new List<FileInfoModel>();
                foreach (Microsoft.SharePoint.Client.File file in targetFolder.Files)
                {
                    fileInfos.Add(new FileInfoModel
                    {
                        FileName = file.Name,
                        FileSizeInKB = Math.Round(file.Length / 1024.0, 2)
                    });
                }

                // 导出到Excel
                ExportToExcel(fileInfos, excelFilePath);
                Console.WriteLine("文件信息已成功导出到Excel！");
            }
            catch (Exception ex)
            {
                Console.WriteLine($"出错了：{ex.Message}");
            }
        }
    }

    // Excel导出方法
    private static void ExportToExcel(List<FileInfoModel> fileInfos, string filePath)
    {
        Directory.CreateDirectory(Path.GetDirectoryName(filePath));

        using (ExcelPackage package = new ExcelPackage())
        {
            ExcelWorksheet worksheet = package.Workbook.Worksheets.Add("文件列表");
            // 设置表头
            worksheet.Cells[1, 1].Value = "文件名";
            worksheet.Cells[1, 2].Value = "文件大小(KB)";
            // 填充数据
            int row = 2;
            foreach (var info in fileInfos)
            {
                worksheet.Cells[row, 1].Value = info.FileName;
                worksheet.Cells[row, 2].Value = info.FileSizeInKB;
                row++;
            }
            // 自动调整列宽
            worksheet.Cells.AutoFitColumns();
            package.SaveAs(new FileInfo(filePath));
        }
    }
}

// 文件信息模型类
public class FileInfoModel
{
    public string FileName { get; set; }
    public double FileSizeInKB { get; set; }
}

注意：如果是SharePoint本地服务器，把认证部分替换为context.Credentials = System.Net.CredentialCache.DefaultCredentials;即可。

方案二：Microsoft Graph API实现（推荐云原生场景）

Graph API是微软统一的云服务API，不仅能操作SharePoint，还能对接OneDrive、Outlook等，适合现代云环境：

using Microsoft.Graph;
using Microsoft.Graph.Auth;
using Microsoft.Identity.Client;
using OfficeOpenXml;
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.IO;
using System.Threading.Tasks;

class GraphSharePointExporter
{
    // Azure AD应用注册信息（需提前在Azure AD注册应用并授予权限）
    private static readonly string ClientId = "YourAppClientId";
    private static readonly string TenantId = "YourTenantId";
    private static readonly string ClientSecret = "YourAppClientSecret";

    static async Task Main(string[] args)
    {
        // 配置参数
        string siteId = "YourSiteId"; // 可从SharePoint站点URL获取或通过Graph API查询
        string driveId = "YourDriveId"; // 站点默认文档库ID
        string folderId = "TargetFolderId"; // 目标文件夹ID
        string excelFilePath = @"C:\Export\GraphSharePointFiles.xlsx";

        try
        {
            // 初始化Graph客户端
            IConfidentialClientApplication confidentialClientApplication = ConfidentialClientApplicationBuilder
                .Create(ClientId)
                .WithTenantId(TenantId)
                .WithClientSecret(ClientSecret)
                .Build();

            ClientCredentialProvider authProvider = new ClientCredentialProvider(confidentialClientApplication);
            GraphServiceClient graphClient = new GraphServiceClient(authProvider);

            // 获取文件夹下的文件（仅请求需要的字段，提升性能）
            var files = await graphClient.Sites[siteId].Drives[driveId].Items[folderId].Children
                .Request()
                .Select("name,size")
                .GetAsync();

            // 收集文件数据
            List<FileInfoModel> fileInfos = new List<FileInfoModel>();
            foreach (var item in files)
            {
                if (item.File != null) // 仅处理文件，排除文件夹
                {
                    fileInfos.Add(new FileInfoModel
                    {
                        FileName = item.Name,
                        FileSizeInKB = Math.Round(item.Size.Value / 1024.0, 2)
                    });
                }
            }

            // 导出到Excel
            ExportToExcel(fileInfos, excelFilePath);
            Console.WriteLine("文件信息已成功导出到Excel！");
        }
        catch (Exception ex)
        {
            Console.WriteLine($"出错了：{ex.Message}");
        }
    }

    // 复用Excel导出方法
    private static void ExportToExcel(List<FileInfoModel> fileInfos, string filePath)
    {
        Directory.CreateDirectory(Path.GetDirectoryName(filePath));

        using (ExcelPackage package = new ExcelPackage())
        {
            ExcelWorksheet worksheet = package.Workbook.Worksheets.Add("文件列表");
            worksheet.Cells[1, 1].Value = "文件名";
            worksheet.Cells[1, 2].Value = "文件大小(KB)";

            int row = 2;
            foreach (var info in fileInfos)
            {
                worksheet.Cells[row, 1].Value = info.FileName;
                worksheet.Cells[row, 2].Value = info.FileSizeInKB;
                row++;
            }

            worksheet.Cells.AutoFitColumns();
            package.SaveAs(new FileInfo(filePath));
        }
    }
}

public class FileInfoModel
{
    public string FileName { get; set; }
    public double FileSizeInKB { get; set; }
}

最佳实践建议

API选择：如果是云原生架构，优先用Graph API；如果是传统SharePoint本地服务器或需兼容旧版本，CSOM更合适。
权限最小化：给账号/应用分配最小必要权限，比如CSOM用只读权限，Graph API用Sites.Read.All而非读写权限。
错误处理：实际项目中要增加网络异常、权限不足、文件夹不存在等场景的针对性处理。
性能优化：文件数量多时，用分页查询（CSOM的ListItemCollectionPosition、Graph API的@odata.nextLink）避免内存溢出。
Excel导出：非商业场景用EPPlus 4.x免费版，商业项目可考虑ClosedXML或购买EPPlus商业许可证。

内容的提问来源于stack exchange，提问作者magesh