如何从指定字符串数组获取对应对象属性（排除指定属性）

Got it, let's tackle this problem step by step. Here's a practical approach using JavaScript to extract the key-value pairs exactly as you need:

First, let's break down the requirements clearly:

• Parse each path string to access the corresponding object in your data structure
• For payment-level paths (like payments[0]), extract all key-value pairs except the bills property
• For bill-level paths (like payments[0].bills[0]), extract all key-value pairs from the bill object

Step 1: Helper Function to Parse Path Strings #

We'll start with a helper function to convert path strings like payments[0].bills[0] into an array of keys/indexes we can use to traverse the object safely:

function parsePath(path) {
  // Split the path by dots, then split array index syntax into separate entries
  return path.split('.').flatMap(part => {
    const indexMatch = part.match(/^(\w+)\[(\d+)\]$/);
    if (indexMatch) {
      return [indexMatch[1], parseInt(indexMatch[2], 10)];
    }
    return [part];
  });
}

Step 2: Core Function to Extract Key-Value Pairs #

Next, the main function that takes your data object and path array, then returns the filtered key-value pairs:

function extractKeyValuePairs(data, paths) {
  const extractedPairs = [];

  paths.forEach(path => {
    const parsedPath = parsePath(path);
    let currentObject = data;

    // Traverse the parsed path to reach the target object
    for (const keyOrIndex of parsedPath) {
      currentObject = currentObject[keyOrIndex];
      if (!currentObject) break; // Exit early if the path doesn't exist in the data
    }

    if (!currentObject) return; // Skip if the path leads to nothing

    // Check if this is a payment object path (length 2: ['payments', index])
    if (parsedPath.length === 2 && parsedPath[0] === 'payments') {
      // Extract all keys except 'bills'
      Object.entries(currentObject).forEach(([key, value]) => {
        if (key !== 'bills') {
          extractedPairs.push({ sourcePath: path, key, value });
        }
      });
    } else {
      // It's a bill object path—extract all key-value pairs
      Object.entries(currentObject).forEach(([key, value]) => {
        extractedPairs.push({ sourcePath: path, key, value });
      });
    }
  });

  return extractedPairs;
}

Step 3: Example Usage #

Let's test this with your sample data structure:

// Sample data matching your structure
const sampleData = {
  payments: [
    {
      paymentId: 'PAY-001',
      totalAmount: 150,
      currency: 'USD',
      bills: [
        { accountNumber: 'ACC-1001', billAmount: 75 },
        { accountNumber: 'ACC-1002', billAmount: 75 }
      ]
    },
    {
      paymentId: 'PAY-002',
      totalAmount: 300,
      currency: 'EUR',
      bills: [
        { accountNumber: 'ACC-2001', billAmount: 200 },
        { accountNumber: 'ACC-2002', billAmount: 100 }
      ]
    }
  ]
};

// Your provided path array
const targetPaths = ["payments[0]", "payments[0].bills[0]", "payments[1]", "payments[1].bills[0]", "payments[1].bills[1]"];

// Run the extraction
const result = extractKeyValuePairs(sampleData, targetPaths);

console.log(result);

What the Output Looks Like #

The result array will contain entries structured like this:

[
  { sourcePath: 'payments[0]', key: 'paymentId', value: 'PAY-001' },
  { sourcePath: 'payments[0]', key: 'totalAmount', value: 150 },
  { sourcePath: 'payments[0]', key: 'currency', value: 'USD' },
  { sourcePath: 'payments[0].bills[0]', key: 'accountNumber', value: 'ACC-1001' },
  { sourcePath: 'payments[0].bills[0]', key: 'billAmount', value: 75 },
  // ... and so on for all remaining paths
]

This approach ensures you skip the bills property when accessing payment objects, while capturing every key-value pair from bill objects—exactly what you asked for.

内容的提问来源于stack exchange，提问作者JuanmaPérez