Ubuntu 17.10下Nginx虚拟主机配置失效问题求助

Hey there, let's walk through fixing this issue—virtual host misconfigurations can be tricky but usually boil down to a few common checks. Here's what to verify step by step:

1. Confirm Your hosts File Changes Are Active #

First, let's make sure your hosts entry is actually being used. Sometimes DNS caches can hold onto old records, or formatting issues in the file can break resolution:

• Run ping test.app in your terminal. You should see output showing it's resolving to 127.0.0.1. If not:
  • Flush the system DNS cache with: sudo systemd-resolve --flush-caches
  • Or restart the resolver service entirely: sudo systemctl restart systemd-resolved
• Double-check your /etc/hosts file formatting—your current entry merges localhost and test.app on one line, which can cause inconsistencies. Split them into separate lines like this:

  127.0.0.1 localhost
  127.0.0.1 test.app
  127.0.1.1 Flashy-PC
  # The following lines are desirable for IPv6 capable hosts
  ::1 ip6-localhost ip6-loopback
  fe00::0 ip6-localnet
  ff00::0 ip6-mcastprefix
  ff02::1 ip6-allnodes
  ff02::2 ip6-allrouters
  

2. Verify Nginx Virtual Host Configuration #

Next, let's ensure your Nginx config for test.app is properly set up:

• Check if you have a config file in /etc/nginx/sites-available/ for test.app. If not, create one with:

  server {
      listen 80;
      server_name test.app;
  
      # Replace this with your actual website root directory
      root /var/www/test.app;
      index index.html index.htm;
  
      location / {
          try_files $uri $uri/ =404;
      }
  }
  

• Enable the site by creating a symbolic link: sudo ln -s /etc/nginx/sites-available/test.app /etc/nginx/sites-enabled/
• Critical: Test for Nginx syntax errors with: sudo nginx -t. If you get any errors (like missing semicolons or invalid paths), fix them before proceeding.

3. Restart Nginx & Check Service Status #

After fixing any config errors, restart Nginx to apply changes:

• sudo systemctl restart nginx
• Verify the service is running: sudo systemctl status nginx—it should show "active (running)" in green.

4. Check Firewall Settings #

Ubuntu 17.10 uses ufw by default. Make sure port 80 (HTTP) is open to allow traffic:

• Run sudo ufw status. Look for a line like 80/tcp ALLOW Anywhere
• If port 80 isn't allowed, open it with: sudo ufw allow 80/tcp

5. Clear Browser Cache #

Sometimes your browser caches old DNS data or failed requests. Try accessing test.app in incognito/private mode, or clear your browser's cache and cookies to rule this out.

6. Dig Deeper with Nginx Logs #

If all the above steps don't work, check Nginx's error logs to pinpoint the exact issue:

• Run sudo tail -f /var/log/nginx/error.log and then try accessing test.app in your browser. The log will show specific errors (like permission issues, missing files, or config mistakes) that you can address directly.

Bonus: Fix Directory Permissions #

Ensure the Nginx user (www-data) has access to your website root directory:

• sudo chown -R www-data:www-data /var/www/test.app
• sudo chmod -R 755 /var/www/test.app

内容的提问来源于stack exchange，提问作者flashydev