如何在Raspbian Jessie中正确安装cv2？python3-opencv安装报错求助

云原生阿岚

2026-5-25

Hey there, let's sort out this OpenCV installation problem you're facing on Raspbian Jessie with Python 3.4.2. The errors you're getting happen because the package names you tried aren't quite right, and Raspbian Jessie's default repositories don't include a pre-built Python 3 OpenCV package. Here are the most reliable ways to get cv2 installed:

Method 1: Try updating your package sources first

Sometimes the missing package issue is just because your repo list is outdated or missing the right sources. Give this a shot:

Update your package index and upgrade existing packages:
```
sudo apt-get update && sudo apt-get upgrade -y
```
Open your sources list file to add a more complete repo:
```
sudo nano /etc/apt/sources.list
```

Make sure the file includes this line (if it's missing, add it at the end):

deb http://mirrordirector.raspbian.org/raspbian/ jessie main contrib non-free rpi

Save and exit the editor (press Ctrl+O, hit Enter, then Ctrl+X), then update again:
```
sudo apt-get update
```
Now try installing the correct package:
```
sudo apt-get install python3-opencv
```

If this still fails (which is common for older Jessie builds), move on to the more reliable source compilation method below.

Method 2: Compile OpenCV from source (most reliable for old systems)

Since Raspbian Jessie is pretty outdated, pre-built packages are hard to come by. Compiling from source ensures compatibility with your Python 3.4.2 environment. It takes a bit of time, but it works every time:

Install all required dependencies
Run this command to grab every tool and library OpenCV needs:

sudo apt-get install build-essential cmake pkg-config libjpeg-dev libtiff5-dev libjasper-dev libpng12-dev libavcodec-dev libavformat-dev libswscale-dev libv4l-dev libxvidcore-dev libx264-dev libgtk2.0-dev libgtk-3-dev libatlas-base-dev gfortran python3-dev python3-pip

Install NumPy (required for OpenCV)
```
pip3 install numpy
```

Download compatible OpenCV source code
We'll use OpenCV 3.4.16, the last stable 3.x release that works with Python 3.4:

cd ~
git clone https://github.com/opencv/opencv.git
cd opencv
git checkout 3.4.16
cd ..
git clone https://github.com/opencv/opencv_contrib.git
cd opencv_contrib
git checkout 3.4.16
cd ..

Configure the build environment
Create a build directory and set up compile options tailored to your system:

cd opencv
mkdir build
cd build
cmake -D CMAKE_BUILD_TYPE=RELEASE \
      -D CMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=/usr/local \
      -D INSTALL_PYTHON_EXAMPLES=ON \
      -D INSTALL_C_EXAMPLES=OFF \
      -D OPENCV_EXTRA_MODULES_PATH=~/opencv_contrib/modules \
      -D PYTHON_EXECUTABLE=/usr/bin/python3 \
      -D BUILD_EXAMPLES=ON ..

Start compiling
This will take 1-2 hours on a typical Raspberry Pi. Use -j2 to use 2 CPU cores (adjust to -j4 if you have a Pi 3/4 with more cores):
```
make -j2
```
Install the compiled files
```
sudo make install
sudo ldconfig
```
Verify the installation
Open a Python 3 shell and test importing cv2:
```
import cv2
print(cv2.__version__)
```
If you see 3.4.16 printed out, you're good to go!

Quick note on your original errors: The pip3 install python3-opencv command was incorrect—PyPI's package name for OpenCV is opencv-python, but even that won't work for Python 3.4 on Jessie since newer PyPI packages drop support for older Python versions. Compiling from source is the safest bet here.

内容的提问来源于stack exchange，提问作者Nishajith .A