如何基于Pandas DataFrame的两列分类数据生成'Mydisciplines'列

嘿，我来帮你搞定这个需求！要生成Mydisciplines列，核心是根据每行的Primary area和Discipline的值来定制内容。我给你两种最常用的实现方式，你可以根据实际需求调整：

方式1：直接拼接两列内容 #

如果只是想把两个列的内容用分隔符组合起来，直接用字符串拼接就行，代码非常简洁：

import pandas as pd

d = {
    'Primary area': [ 'Biological Sciences A', 'Cultures and Cultural Production', 'Mathematics' ],
    'Discipline': [ 'Biochemistry and Molecular Biology', 'Philosophy', 'Pure Mathematics' ]
}
df = pd.DataFrame(data=d)

# 拼接两列，用" - "作为分隔符
df['Mydisciplines'] = df['Primary area'] + ' - ' + df['Discipline']

# 查看结果
print(df)

运行后得到的DataFrame内容：

Discipline                      Primary area                                      Mydisciplines
0  Biochemistry and Molecular Biology                 Biological Sciences A  Biological Sciences A - Biochemistry and Molecular Biology
1                          Philosophy  Cultures and Cultural Production       Cultures and Cultural Production - Philosophy
2                    Pure Mathematics                          Mathematics                          Mathematics - Pure Mathematics

方式2：根据自定义规则生成内容 #

如果需要针对不同的Primary area设置专属的格式或描述，可以用apply函数自定义逻辑：

import pandas as pd

d = {
    'Primary area': [ 'Biological Sciences A', 'Cultures and Cultural Production', 'Mathematics' ],
    'Discipline': [ 'Biochemistry and Molecular Biology', 'Philosophy', 'Pure Mathematics' ]
}
df = pd.DataFrame(data=d)

# 定义生成Mydisciplines的规则函数
def build_discipline_label(row):
    # 根据Primary area分类添加前缀
    if row['Primary area'] == 'Biological Sciences A':
        return f"生命科学领域: {row['Discipline']}"
    elif row['Primary area'] == 'Cultures and Cultural Production':
        return f"人文社科领域: {row['Discipline']}"
    elif row['Primary area'] == 'Mathematics':
        return f"数学领域: {row['Discipline']}"
    # 处理未匹配到的情况
    else:
        return row['Discipline']

# 应用函数生成新列
df['Mydisciplines'] = df.apply(build_discipline_label, axis=1)

# 查看结果
print(df)

运行后得到的DataFrame内容：

Discipline                      Primary area                          Mydisciplines
0  Biochemistry and Molecular Biology                 Biological Sciences A  生命科学领域: Biochemistry and Molecular Biology
1                          Philosophy  Cultures and Cultural Production       人文社科领域: Philosophy
2                    Pure Mathematics                          Mathematics                          数学领域: Pure Mathematics

如果你的规则和上面的示例不一样，只需要修改build_discipline_label函数里的判断逻辑就行——比如提取部分关键词、添加额外标记等，都可以灵活调整。

内容的提问来源于stack exchange，提问作者nahusznaj