问题描述 #

我在IntelliJ IDEA中运行程序时遇到了如下错误，已经多次重新下载IDEA但问题依旧。我刚接触编程，不知道该怎么解决，请问有什么修复方法吗？

错误信息如下：

Abnormal build process termination:
"C:\\Program Files\\Java\\jdk-23\\bin\\java.exe" -Xmx700m -Djava.awt.headless=true "-Djna.boot.library.path=C:\\Program Files\\JetBrains\\IntelliJ IDEA Community Edition 2024.2.4/lib/jna/amd64" -Djna.nosys=true -Djna.noclasspath=true --add-opens jdk.compiler/com.sun.tools.javac.api=ALL-UNNAMED --add-opens jdk.compiler/com.sun.tools.javac.util=ALL-UNNAMED --add-opens jdk.compiler/com.sun.tools.javac.code=ALL-UNNAMED --add-opens jdk.compiler/com.sun.tools.javac.comp=ALL-UNNAMED --add-opens jdk.compiler/com.sun.tools.javac.file=ALL-UNNAMED --add-opens jdk.compiler/com.sun.tools.javac.main=ALL-UNNAMED --add-opens jdk.compiler/com.sun.tools.javac.model=ALL-UNNAMED --add-opens jdk.compiler/com.sun.tools.javac.parser=ALL-UNNAMED --add-opens jdk.compiler/com.sun.tools.javac.processing=ALL-UNNAMED --add-opens jdk.compiler/com.sun.tools.javac.tree=ALL-UNNAMED --add-opens jdk.compiler/com.sun.tools.javac.jvm=ALL-UNNAMED -Dcompile.parallel=false -Drebuild.on.dependency.change=true -Didea.IntToIntBtree.page.size=32768 -Djdt.compiler.useSingleThread=true -Daether.connector.resumeDownloads=false -Dio.netty.initialSeedUniquifier=5099883117943016963 -Dfile.encoding=UTF-8 -Duser.language=en -Duser.country=US -Didea.paths.selector=IdeaIC2024.2 "-Didea.home.path=C:/Program Files/JetBrains/IntelliJ IDEA Community Edition 2024.2.4" -Didea.config.path=C:/Users/Hưởng/AppData/Roaming/JetBrains/IdeaIC2024.2 -Didea.plugins.path=C:/Users/Hưởng/AppData/Roaming/JetBrains/IdeaIC2024.2/plugins -Djps.log.dir=C:/Users/Hưởng/AppData/Local/JetBrains/IdeaIC2024.2/log/build-log "-Djps.fallback.jdk.home=C:/Program Files/JetBrains/IntelliJ IDEA Community Edition 2024.2.4/jbr" -Djps.fallback.jdk.version=21.0.4 -Dio.netty.noUnsafe=true -Djava.io.tmpdir=C:/Users/Hưởng/AppData/Local/JetBrains/IdeaIC2024.2/compile-server/untitled2_1d2a6d90/_temp_ -Djps.backward.ref.index.builder=true -Djps.backward.ref.index.builder.fs.case.sensitive=false "-Djps.kotlin.home=C:\\Program Files\\JetBrains\\IntelliJ IDEA Community Edition 2024.2.4\\plugins\\Kotlin\\kotlinc" -Dkotlin.incremental.compilation=true -Dkotlin.incremental.compilation.js=true -Dkotlin.daemon.enabled -Dkotlin.daemon.client.alive.path="C:\\Users\\HNG\~1\\AppData\\Local\\Temp\\kotlin-idea-15111308323172465624-is-running" -Dide.propagate.context=false -classpath "C:/Program Files/JetBrains/IntelliJ IDEA Community Edition 2024.2.4/plugins/java/lib/jps-launcher.jar" org.jetbrains.jps.cmdline.Launcher "C:/Program Files/JetBrains/IntelliJ IDEA Community Edition 2024.2.4/plugins/java/lib/jps-builders.jar;C:/Program Files/JetBrains/IntelliJ IDEA Community Edition 2024.2.4/plugins/java/lib/jps-builders-6.jar;C:/Program Files/JetBrains/IntelliJ IDEA Community Edition 2024.2.4/plugins/java/lib/jps-javac-extension.jar;C:/Program Files/JetBrains/IntelliJ IDEA Community Edition 2024.2.4/lib/util-8.jar;C:/Program Files/JetBrains/IntelliJ IDEA Community Edition 2024.2.4/lib/util_rt.jar;C:/Program Files/JetBrains/IntelliJ IDEA Community Edition 2024.2.4/lib/platform-loader.jar;C:/Program Files/JetBrains/IntelliJ IDEA Community Edition 2024.2.4/lib/annotations.jar;C:/Program Files/JetBrains/IntelliJ IDEA Community Edition 2024.2.4/lib/trove.jar;C:/Program Files/JetBrains/IntelliJ IDEA Community Edition 2024.2.4/plugins/java/lib/jetbrains.kotlinx.metadata.jvm.jar;C:/Program Files/JetBrains/IntelliJ IDEA Community Edition 2024.2.4/lib/protobuf.jar;C:/Program Files/JetBrains/IntelliJ IDEA Community Edition 2024.2.4/lib/jps-model.jar;C:/Program Files/JetBrains/IntelliJ IDEA Community Edition 2024.2.4/plugins/java/lib/javac2.jar;C:/Program Files/JetBrains/IntelliJ IDEA Community Edition 2024.2.4/lib/forms_rt.jar;C:/Program Files/JetBrains/IntelliJ IDEA Community Edition 2024.2.4/lib/util.jar;C:/Program Files/JetBrains/IntelliJ IDEA Community Edition 2024.2.4/plugins/java/lib/aether-dependency-resolver.jar;C:/Program Files/JetBrains/IntelliJ IDEA Community Edition 2024.2.4/plugins/java/lib/maven-resolver-connector-basic.jar;C:/Program Files/JetBrains/IntelliJ IDEA Community Edition 2024.2.4/plugins/java/lib/maven-resolver-transport-file.jar;C:/Program Files/JetBrains/IntelliJ IDEA Community Edition 2024.2.4/plugins/java/lib/maven-resolver-transport-http.jar;C:/Program Files/JetBrains/IntelliJ IDEA Community Edition 2024.2.4/lib/idea_rt.jar;C:/Program Files/JetBrains/IntelliJ IDEA Community Edition 2024.2.4/plugins/Kotlin/lib/jps/kotlin-jps-plugin.jar;C:/Program Files/JetBrains/IntelliJ IDEA Community Edition 2024.2.4/lib/util-8.jar;C:/Program Files/JetBrains/IntelliJ IDEA Community Edition 2024.2.4/plugins/java/lib/jps/java-compiler-charts-jps.jar;C:/Program Files/JetBrains/IntelliJ IDEA Community Edition 2024.2.4/plugins/javaFX/lib/javaFX-jps.jar;C:/Program Files/JetBrains/IntelliJ IDEA Community Edition 2024.2.4/plugins/javaFX/lib/javaFX-common.jar;C:/Program Files/JetBrains/IntelliJ IDEA Community Edition 2024.2.4/plugins/eclipse/lib/eclipse-jps.jar;C:/Program Files/JetBrains/IntelliJ IDEA Community Edition 2024.2.4/plugins/eclipse/lib/eclipse-common.jar;C:/Program Files/JetBrains/IntelliJ IDEA Community Edition 2024.2.4/plugins/platform-langInjection/lib/java-langInjection-jps.jar;C:/Program Files/JetBrains/IntelliJ IDEA Community Edition 2024.2.4/plugins/Groovy/lib/groovy-jps.jar;C:/Program Files/JetBrains/IntelliJ IDEA Community Edition 2024.2.4/plugins/Groovy/lib/groovy-constants-rt.jar;C:/Program Files/JetBrains/IntelliJ IDEA Community Edition 2024.2.4/plugins/uiDesigner/lib/jps/java-guiForms-jps.jar;C:/Program Files/JetBrains/IntelliJ IDEA Community Edition 2024.2.4/plugins/maven/lib/maven-jps.jar;C:/Program Files/JetBrains/IntelliJ IDEA Community Edition 2024.2.4/plugins/gradle-java/lib/gradle-jps.jar" org.jetbrains.jps.cmdline.BuildMain 127.0.0.1 61150 c22780a1-1eb9-40bb-9092-a243232e1493 C:/Users/Hưởng/AppData/Local/JetBrains/IdeaIC2024.2/compile-server
WARNING: java.io.tmpdir directory does not exist
Exception in thread "main" java.lang.ExceptionInInitializerError
at java.base/jdk.internal.misc.Unsafe.ensureClassInitialized0(Native Method)
at java.base/jdk.internal.misc.Unsafe.ensureClassInitialized(Unsafe.java:1161)
at java.base/jdk.internal.reflect.MethodHandleAccessorFactory.ensureClassInitialized(MethodHandleAccessorFactory.java:340)
at java.base/jdk.internal.reflect.MethodHandleAccessorFactory.newMethodAccessor(MethodHandleAccessorFactory.java:71)
at java.base/jdk.internal.reflect.ReflectionFactory.newMethodAccessor(ReflectionFactory.java:154)
at java.base/java.lang.reflect.Method.acquireMethodAccessor(Method.java:726)
at java.base/java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:577)
at org.jetbrains.jps.cmdline.Launcher.main(Launcher.java:43)
Caused by: java.nio.file.InvalidPathException: Illegal char <?> at index 11: C:/Users/H�?ng/AppData/Local/JetBrains/IdeaIC2024.2/log/build-log\\build-log-jul.properties
at java.base/sun.nio.fs.WindowsPathParser.normalize(WindowsPathParser.java:204)
at java.base/sun.nio.fs.WindowsPathParser.parse(WindowsPathParser.java:175)
at java.base/sun.nio.fs.WindowsPathParser.parse(WindowsPathParser.java:77)
at java.base/sun.nio.fs.WindowsPath.parse(WindowsPath.java:92)
at java.base/sun.nio.fs.WindowsFileSystem.getPath(WindowsFileSystem.java:231)
at java.base/java.nio.file.Path.of(Path.java:148)
at java.base/java.nio.file.Paths.get(Paths.java:69)
at org.jetbrains.jps.cmdline.LogSetup.initLoggers(LogSetup.java:30)
at org.jetbrains.jps.cmdline.BuildMain.<clinit>(BuildMain.java:43)

问题分析 #

从错误日志里能看到两个核心问题：

1. WARNING: java.io.tmpdir directory does not exist：IDEA指定的临时目录不存在
2. InvalidPathException: Illegal char <?> at index 11: C:/Users/H�?ng/...：你的Windows用户名（Hưởng）里的特殊字符（ư）在路径解析时出现了乱码，导致IDEA无法正确识别路径

解决方案 #

针对这两个问题，咱们一步步来解决：

1. 手动创建缺失的临时目录

先找到错误里提到的tmpdir路径：C:/Users/Hưởng/AppData/Local/JetBrains/IdeaIC2024.2/compile-server/untitled2_1d2a6d90/_temp_

• 打开文件资源管理器，导航到C:/Users/Hưởng/AppData/Local/JetBrains/IdeaIC2024.2/compile-server目录
• 如果untitled2_1d2a6d90文件夹不存在，就手动创建它，然后在里面创建_temp_子文件夹
• 或者直接复制完整路径到文件资源管理器的地址栏，按回车，系统会提示你创建不存在的文件夹，点击确认即可

2. 修复用户名特殊字符导致的路径问题

这个是更核心的问题，因为用户名里的Unicode字符导致IDEA的JPS构建工具解析路径失败。有两个办法：

方法A：修改IDEA的配置，指定不含特殊字符的缓存和临时路径

• 关闭IntelliJ IDEA
• 找到IDEA的安装目录，比如C:\Program Files\JetBrains\IntelliJ IDEA Community Edition 2024.2.4
• 进入bin文件夹，找到idea64.exe.vmoptions（如果你用的是32位系统就找idea.exe.vmoptions）
• 用记事本打开这个文件，在最后添加两行配置，指定新的缓存和临时路径（路径要选一个用户名不含特殊字符的目录，比如D盘根目录下新建的文件夹）：

  -Didea.config.path=D:\IDEA_Config
  -Didea.system.path=D:\IDEA_System
  -Djava.io.tmpdir=D:\IDEA_Temp
  

• 保存文件，然后手动创建D:\IDEA_Config、D:\IDEA_System、D:\IDEA_Temp这三个文件夹
• 重新启动IDEA，再尝试运行程序

方法B：修改Windows用户名（可选，适合能改用户名的情况）

如果上面的方法不行，你可以考虑修改Windows的用户名，换成不含特殊字符的名称（比如Duong），这样所有路径都会自动变成正常的字符，不会再出现乱码问题。不过这个操作需要注意备份用户目录下的重要文件：

• 用管理员账户登录Windows（如果当前账户是管理员，就直接下一步）
• 打开设置 -> 账户 -> 你的信息 -> 管理我的账户 -> 信息 -> 编辑名字
• 修改为不含特殊字符的用户名，保存后重启电脑
• 重启后，原来的用户目录C:\Users\Hưởng可能会变成C:\Users\Hưởng.old，新的用户目录会是新的用户名，记得把旧目录里的重要文件复制到新目录

3. 检查JDK配置是否正确

另外，你当前用的是JDK 23，这是比较新的版本，可能和IDEA 2024.2.4存在兼容性问题：

• 打开IDEA，进入File -> Project Structure -> Project Settings -> Project
• 将Project SDK换成JDK 17或者JDK 21（这两个是LTS版本，兼容性更好）
• 如果没有安装的话，可以去Oracle官网或者OpenJDK官网下载对应的LTS版本，然后添加到IDEA的SDK列表里

验证方法 #

完成上面的步骤后，打开IDEA，创建一个简单的Hello World程序运行测试：

public class HelloWorld {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        System.out.println("Hello World!");
    }
}

如果能正常运行输出，就说明问题解决了。

备注：内容来源于stack exchange，提问作者Duy Hưởng