如何用Python实现显示指定格式文件并双击同窗口打开的窗口程序

Hey there! Let's put together a desktop application that lets you browse .txt, .doc, .docx, and .pdf files in a chosen folder, and view their content right in the same window when you double-click a file. We'll use Tkinter (Python's built-in GUI toolkit) for the interface, plus a few helper libraries to parse different file formats.

Step 1: Install Required Libraries #

First, install the packages needed to handle non-txt files:

pip install python-docx PyPDF2

• python-docx: Reads .docx files (note: it doesn't support .doc files natively—for .doc, you can use textract (requires extra system dependencies) or pywin32 on Windows to interact with Microsoft Word)
• PyPDF2: Extracts text from PDF files

Step 2: Full Code Implementation #

Here's the complete code with comments explaining each part:

import os
import tkinter as tk
from tkinter import ttk, scrolledtext, filedialog
from docx import Document
from PyPDF2 import PdfReader

class FileViewerApp:
    def __init__(self, root):
        self.root = root
        self.root.title("Folder File Viewer")
        self.root.geometry("800x600")

        # Set up the main layout: left (file list) + right (content view)
        self.main_frame = ttk.PanedWindow(root, orient=tk.HORIZONTAL)
        self.main_frame.pack(fill=tk.BOTH, expand=True, padx=5, pady=5)

        # Left panel: Folder selection + file list
        self.left_panel = ttk.Frame(self.main_frame, width=250)
        self.main_frame.add(self.left_panel)

        # Folder selection button
        self.folder_btn = ttk.Button(self.left_panel, text="Select Folder", command=self.select_folder)
        self.folder_btn.pack(pady=10, fill=tk.X, padx=5)

        # File list box
        self.file_list = tk.Listbox(self.left_panel, selectmode=tk.SINGLE)
        self.file_list.pack(fill=tk.BOTH, expand=True, padx=5, pady=5)
        # Bind double-click event to open file
        self.file_list.bind("<Double-1>", self.open_selected_file)

        # Right panel: Content view
        self.right_panel = ttk.Frame(self.main_frame)
        self.main_frame.add(self.right_panel)

        # Scrolled text widget for content display
        self.content_text = scrolledtext.ScrolledText(self.right_panel, wrap=tk.WORD)
        self.content_text.pack(fill=tk.BOTH, expand=True, padx=5, pady=5)
        # Make content read-only
        self.content_text.config(state=tk.DISABLED)

        self.current_folder = ""

    def select_folder(self):
        """Open a dialog to select a folder and load valid files"""
        self.current_folder = filedialog.askdirectory(title="Select Folder")
        if not self.current_folder:
            return

        # Clear existing file list
        self.file_list.delete(0, tk.END)

        # Filter for supported file types
        supported_extensions = (".txt", ".doc", ".docx", ".pdf")
        for filename in os.listdir(self.current_folder):
            if filename.lower().endswith(supported_extensions):
                self.file_list.insert(tk.END, filename)

    def open_selected_file(self, event):
        """Read and display the content of the selected file"""
        selected_index = self.file_list.curselection()
        if not selected_index:
            return

        filename = self.file_list.get(selected_index[0])
        file_path = os.path.join(self.current_folder, filename)
        content = ""

        try:
            # Handle different file types
            if filename.lower().endswith(".txt"):
                with open(file_path, "r", encoding="utf-8", errors="replace") as f:
                    content = f.read()
            elif filename.lower().endswith(".docx"):
                doc = Document(file_path)
                content = "\n".join([para.text for para in doc.paragraphs])
            elif filename.lower().endswith(".pdf"):
                reader = PdfReader(file_path)
                content = "\n".join([page.extract_text() for page in reader.pages])
            elif filename.lower().endswith(".doc"):
                # Note: This requires pywin32 (Windows only)
                # Uncomment the code below if you want to support .doc files
                """
                import win32com.client
                word = win32com.client.Dispatch("Word.Application")
                word.Visible = False
                doc = word.Documents.Open(file_path)
                content = doc.Content.Text
                doc.Close()
                word.Quit()
                """
                content = ".doc files require additional setup (see code comments)"
        except Exception as e:
            content = f"Error opening file: {str(e)}"

        # Update the content text widget
        self.content_text.config(state=tk.NORMAL)
        self.content_text.delete(1.0, tk.END)
        self.content_text.insert(tk.END, content)
        self.content_text.config(state=tk.DISABLED)

if __name__ == "__main__":
    root = tk.Tk()
    app = FileViewerApp(root)
    root.mainloop()

Step 3: How It Works #

• Folder Selection: Click the "Select Folder" button to choose the directory you want to browse. The app will populate the left list with only the supported file types.
• View Content: Double-click any file in the list, and its content will load in the right-hand scrolled text panel.
• Read-Only Content: The content panel is read-only to prevent accidental edits to the original files.

Notes on .doc Files #

If you need to support .doc files (the older Microsoft Word format):

• On Windows, install pywin32 with pip install pywin32, then uncomment the .doc handling code in the open_selected_file method.
• On macOS/Linux, you can use textract (install with pip install textract), but it requires additional system packages (like antiword for .doc files).

That's it! You can tweak the window size, styling, or add more features like search functionality if you want.

内容的提问来源于stack exchange，提问作者vishal prajapati