Swift 4链式调用map/sorted后用prefix(5)编译失败,是否为编译器错误?
问题解答:Swift链式调用中
prefix(5)编译失败的原因及解决方案 嗨,这可不是Swift 4的编译器错误哦,问题出在类型不匹配上,咱们来拆解一下:
核心原因
你明确把structs的类型声明为[CoordStruct](数组类型),但链式调用的最后一步.prefix(5)返回的是ArraySlice<CoordStruct>(数组切片类型),Swift的类型系统不允许直接把切片赋值给数组类型的变量,所以编译器报错了。
解决方案
有两种简单的方式可以解决这个问题:
方案1:让Swift自动推断类型
去掉structs的显式类型声明,让编译器自动推断它为ArraySlice<CoordStruct>,这样链式调用就能正常编译:
let structs = points.map { let thisCoord = CLLocationCoordinate2D(latitude: $0[0], longitude: $0[1]) let thisLocation = CLLocation(latitude:$0[0], longitude: $0[1]) let distance = location.distance(from: thisLocation) return CoordStruct(coord: thisCoord, distance: distance) } .sorted { $0.distance < $1.distance } .prefix(5)
方案2:将切片转换为数组
如果你确实需要structs是[CoordStruct]类型,可以用Array()把prefix(5)的结果包裹起来,将切片转为数组:
let structs: [CoordStruct] = Array(points.map { let thisCoord = CLLocationCoordinate2D(latitude: $0[0], longitude: $0[1]) let thisLocation = CLLocation(latitude:$0[0], longitude: $0[1]) let distance = location.distance(from: thisLocation) return CoordStruct(coord: thisCoord, distance: distance) } .sorted { $0.distance < $1.distance } .prefix(5))
额外代码优化
顺便提一句,你的代码里可以少创建一个CLLocationCoordinate2D,直接从thisLocation获取坐标就行,能简化代码:
let structs: [CoordStruct] = Array(points.map { let thisLocation = CLLocation(latitude: $0[0], longitude: $0[1]) let distance = location.distance(from: thisLocation) return CoordStruct(coord: thisLocation.coordinate, distance: distance) } .sorted { $0.distance < $1.distance } .prefix(5))
总结
这是Swift类型系统严格性的体现,不是编译器bug,只要处理好数组和数组切片的类型转换,就能顺利完成链式调用啦。
内容的提问来源于stack exchange,提问作者Duncan C
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