使用OpenOCD调试STM32F103C8T6 Flash启动模式时触发HardFault_Handler故障的解决求助

各位大佬好，我最近遇到一个头疼的问题，先跟大家说下我的开发环境：

• Windows10
• Clion2023.3.6
• arm-gnu-toolchain-13.2.Rel1-mingw-w64-i686-arm-none-eabi
• mingw64(Clion自带版本)
• openocd-v0.12.0-i686-w64-mingw32
• Jlink(V12)
• STM32F103C8T6

我已经把Clion的各项配置都弄好了，代码编译完全正常，而且SRAM启动模式（BOOT0设为1）下能正常调试，但切换到主Flash启动（BOOT0设为0）时，程序直接触发异常挂掉了。

我感觉问题应该不是代码本身的问题——毕竟特定代码能稳定复现这个故障，但我就是搞不清楚到底哪里出了问题，甚至程序连时钟配置都没完成就挂了，根本到不了main函数。

下面是OpenOCD的调试日志：

Info : J-Link V12 compiled Oct  9 2024 10:52:31
Info : Hardware version: 12.00
Info : VTarget = 3.212 V
Info : clock speed 1000 kHz
Info : SWD DPIDR 0x2ba01477
Info : [stm32f1x.cpu] Cortex-M3 r2p1 processor detected
Info : [stm32f1x.cpu] target has 6 breakpoints, 4 watchpoints
Info : starting gdb server for stm32f1x.cpu on 3333
Info : Listening on port 3333 for gdb connections
[stm32f1x.cpu] halted due to debug-request, current mode: Thread
xPSR: 0x01000000 pc: 0x08000198 msp: 0x20010000
** Programming Started **
Info : device id = 0x20036410
Info : flash size = 128 KiB
Warn : Adding extra erase range, 0x080003d0 .. 0x080003ff
** Programming Finished **
(((READY)))
Info : tcl server disabled
Info : Listening on port 4444 for telnet connections
Info : acceptDebugger connected to tcp:localhost:3333
ing 'gdb' connection on tcp/3333
[stm32f1x.cpu] halted due to debug-request, current mode: Handler HardFault
xPSR: 0x61000003 pc: 0x08000366 msp: 0x2000ffd4
Warn : Prefer GDB command "target extended-remote :3333" instead of "target remote :3333"
Signal: SIGINT (Interrupt)
Info : SWD DPIDR 0x2ba01477
Error: Failed to read memory at 0x2000fff8
Info : SWD DPIDR 0x2ba01477
Error: Failed to read memory at 0x2000ffc4

程序最终会卡在HardFault处理函数里：

/**
  * @brief  This function handles Hard Fault exception.
  * @param  None
  * @retval None
  */
void HardFault_Handler(void)
{
  /* Go to infinite loop when Hard Fault exception occurs */
  while (1)
  {
  }
}

我的main函数是空的，因为程序根本到不了这里——甚至在调用SystemInit的时候就触发了硬件错误，启动代码如下：

Reset_Handler:

  movs  r1, #0
  b LoopCopyDataInit

CopyDataInit:
    ldr r3, =_sidata
    ldr r3, [r3, r1]
    str r3, [r0, r1]
    adds    r1, r1, #4

LoopCopyDataInit:
    ldr r0, =_sdata
    ldr r3, =_edata
    adds    r2, r0, r1
    cmp r2, r3
    bcc CopyDataInit
    ldr r2, =_sbss
    b   LoopFillZerobss
FillZerobss:
    movs    r3, #0
    str r3, [r2], #4

LoopFillZerobss:
    ldr r3, = _ebss
    cmp r2, r3
    bcc FillZerobss

        bl  SystemInit      //**This is usually where a hardware error occurs**
        bl __libc_init_array
    bl  main
    bx  lr
.size   Reset_Handler, .-Reset_Handler


int main(void) {
    while(1){

    }
}

补充一下：我用Keil调试的时候，Flash启动模式完全正常，目前还没试过用ST-Link来调试。

现在想请教大家，怎么解决这个问题，让程序能正常在Flash启动模式下调试和烧录？希望能给我一些排查思路或者具体的解决建议，非常感谢！

备注：内容来源于stack exchange，提问作者njki