使用Tweepy调用Twitter API v1上传媒体时遭遇403禁止错误及JSONDecodeError问题求助

大家好，我现在碰到了一个使用Tweepy上传媒体到Twitter的棘手问题，希望能得到大家的帮助！

我当前的实现逻辑是用Tweepy的v2 Client对象创建推文，用v1.1的API对象处理媒体上传，相关代码如下：

# 创建OAuth 2.0的Client对象
client = tweepy.Client(
    consumer_key=self.twitter_consumer_key,
    consumer_secret=self.twitter_consumer_secret,
    access_token=self.twitter_access_token,
    access_token_secret=self.twitter_access_token_secret
)

# 创建用于媒体上传的API v1.1对象
auth = tweepy.OAuth1UserHandler(
    self.twitter_consumer_key,
    self.twitter_consumer_secret,
    self.twitter_access_token,
    self.twitter_access_token_secret
)
api = tweepy.API(auth)

try:
    # 不使用分块选项的简单媒体上传
    print("Attempting media upload...")
    with open(image_path, 'rb') as image_file:
         media = api.simple_upload(filename=image_path, file=image_file)
         print(f"Media uploaded successfully. Media ID:{media.media_id}")

但程序在执行媒体上传步骤时总是失败，还出现了两种不同的错误：

• 第一次运行程序时，直接抛出403 Forbidden error
• 第二次运行时，会出现<class 'simplejson.errors.JSONDecodeError'>类型错误，错误信息为Expecting value: line 1 column 1 (char 0)，而且看起来API没有返回任何响应对象

我试过media_upload和simple_upload两个API函数，结果都是一样的错误。其中media_upload的调用代码是：

media = api.media_upload(filename=image_path, chunked=True)

我的Twitter开发者账号里的应用配置包含以下两部分：

• 应用权限及应用类型设置
• 应用信息设置

为了解决问题，我已经尝试了这些办法：

• 更换过多个不同的媒体文件，确保文件存在且能正常打开，甚至在调用上传函数前检查了文件大小（大概1-2MB），都没有问题
• 尝试过降级和升级Tweepy版本，先后试过4.14.0、4.9.0和4.12.0，但所有版本都出现相同的错误

下面是两种错误的完整回溯信息：

1. 403 Forbidden错误回溯 #

Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "/home/user/test.py", line 540, in <module>
    main()
  File "/home/user/test.py", line 532, in main
    publisher.post_to_twitter(temp_path, description)
  File "/home/user/test.py", line 391, in post_to_twitter
    media = self.twitter_v1.media_upload(image_path)
  File "/home/user/.local/lib/python3.10/site-packages/tweepy/api.py", line 3566, in media_upload
    return self.simple_upload(
  File "/home/user/.local/lib/python3.10/site-packages/tweepy/api.py", line 46, in wrapper
    return method(*args, **kwargs)
  File "/home/user/.local/lib/python3.10/site-packages/tweepy/api.py", line 3610, in simple_upload
    return self.request(
  File "/home/user/.local/lib/python3.10/site-packages/tweepy/api.py", line 265, in request
    raise Forbidden(resp)
tweepy.errors.Forbidden: 403 Forbidden

2. JSONDecodeError错误回溯 #

Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "/home/user/test.py", line 540, in <module>
    main()
  File "/home/user/test.py", line 532, in main
    publisher.post_to_twitter(temp_path, description)
  File "/home/user/test.py", line 391, in post_to_twitter
    media = self.twitter_v1.media_upload(image_path)
  File "/home/user/.local/lib/python3.10/site-packages/tweepy/api.py", line 3566, in media_upload
    return self.simple_upload(
  File "/home/user/.local/lib/python3.10/site-packages/tweepy/api.py", line 46, in wrapper
    return method(*args, **kwargs)
  File "/home/user/.local/lib/python3.10/site-packages/tweepy/api.py", line 3610, in simple_upload
    return self.request(
  File "/home/user/.local/lib/python3.10/site-packages/tweepy/api.py", line 265, in request
    raise Forbidden(resp)
  File "/home/user/.local/lib/python3.10/site-packages/tweepy/errors.py", line 54, in __init__
    response_json = response.json()
  File "/home/user/.local/lib/python3.10/site-packages/requests/models.py", line 974, in json
    return complexjson.loads(self.text, **kwargs)
  File "/usr/local/lib/python3.10/site-packages/simplejson/__init__.py", line 525, in loads
    return _default_decoder.decode(s)
  File "/usr/local/lib/python3.10/site-packages/simplejson/decoder.py", line 370, in decode
    obj, end = self.raw_decode(s)
  File "/usr/local/lib/python3.10/site-packages/simplejson/decoder.py", line 400, in raw_decode
    return self.scan_once(s, idx=_w(s, idx).end())
simplejson.errors.JSONDecodeError: Expecting value: line 1 column 1 (char 0)

我期望的结果是能成功上传媒体文件，不知道有没有朋友遇到过类似的问题，或者知道怎么解决？提前感谢大家的帮助！

备注：内容来源于stack exchange，提问作者Shivs S