如何用Shell Scripting计算文件行平均值并按指定格式输出？

Alright, let's walk through exactly how to build a shell script that handles this docx processing task. Here's a step-by-step solution tailored to your needs:

Step 1: Convert .docx to Plain Text #

Shell can't directly read .docx files, so first we need to convert it to a plain text format. We'll use pandoc (a versatile document converter) for this—if you don't have it installed, grab it via your package manager:

• Debian/Ubuntu: sudo apt install pandoc
• CentOS/RHEL: sudo dnf install pandoc

Run this command to convert the docx to text:

pandoc -s file1.docx -o file1.txt

Alternative: If pandoc isn't available, you can use antiword (a tool specifically for extracting text from Word docs):

antiword file1.docx > file1.txt

Step 2: Build the Shell Script #

Create a script (e.g., process_doc.sh) with the following content. It handles date conversion, average calculations, and output formatting:

#!/bin/bash

# Convert docx to text (uncomment your preferred method)
pandoc -s file1.docx -o file1.txt
# antiword file1.docx > file1.txt

# Extract and reformat the date from Line D
# Assumes Line D starts with "行D" and the date is the second field
formatted_date=$(grep "^行D" file1.txt | sed 's/-/\//g' | awk '{print $2}')

# Calculate average for Line B (handles all numeric fields after the first)
avg_b=$(grep "^行B" file1.txt | awk '{
    sum = 0
    for (i=2; i<=NF; i++) sum += $i
    printf "%.2f", sum / (NF - 1)
}')

# Calculate average for Line P (same logic as Line B)
avg_p=$(grep "^行P" file1.txt | awk '{
    sum = 0
    for (i=2; i<=NF; i++) sum += $i
    printf "%.2f", sum / (NF - 1)
}')

# Generate the final formatted data module
cat << EOF > processed_data.txt
[数据模块]
日期: $formatted_date
B行平均值: $avg_b
P行平均值: $avg_p
EOF

echo "Done! Processed data saved to processed_data.txt"

Step 3: Run the Script #

Make the script executable and run it:

chmod +x process_doc.sh
./process_doc.sh

Key Notes to Adjust for Your Exact Doc Format #

• If your lines don't start with "行D"/"行B"/"行P" (e.g., there's leading whitespace), remove the ^ in the grep commands (use grep "行D" instead of grep "^行D").
• If the numeric values/date are in different fields, tweak the awk field indices (e.g., if the date is the 3rd field, change $2 to $3).
• The printf "%.2f" ensures averages are rounded to 2 decimal places, matching your example (15.63, 29.87).

内容的提问来源于stack exchange，提问作者kittensfurdays