Win2D是否支持C++/WinRT？求CppWinRT项目集成Win2D方案

First, let's clear up the big question: as of 2024, Win2D hasn't been folded into the standard CppWinRT header set yet. There have been official discussions and plans to integrate it more tightly, but there's no public timeline for when that will land. So you'll still need to manually set up Win2D in your CppWinRT project—and let's fix those compilation errors you're hitting.

Step-by-Step Integration to Fix Compilation Failures #

Chances are your manual copy of the Win2D package files and build steps missed some critical dependencies or configuration. Here's the reliable way to set this up:

• 1. Ditch manual file copies—use NuGet properly
  Stop copying package files manually. Install the correct Win2D NuGet package for your project type:

  • For UWP CppWinRT projects: Install Win2D.uwp
  • For WinUI 3 CppWinRT projects: Install Win2D.winui
    NuGet handles dependency resolution, build config, and library paths automatically—this eliminates most common setup mistakes.

• 2. Validate the CppWinRT projection build step
  Win2D uses C++/WinRT under the hood, so you need to generate its CppWinRT projection headers. If your project is a pure native CppWinRT app (not a C++/WinRT component), double-check this:

  1. Right-click your project → Properties → Build Events → Pre-Build Event Command Line
  2. Add a command like this (replace the version number with the one you installed):

     "$(CppWinRTDir)\bin\cppwinrt.exe" -in "$(SolutionDir)packages\Win2D.uwp.1.26.0\build\native\include" -out "$(GeneratedFilesDir)\winrt"
     

  3. Make sure the generated headers are in your include path: Go to Properties → C/C++ → General → Additional Include Directories, and add $(GeneratedFilesDir)\winrt

• 3. Include the right headers in your code
  Don't use the old C++/CX Win2D headers. Instead, include the generated CppWinRT projection headers:

  #include "winrt/Microsoft.Graphics.Canvas.h"
  #include "winrt/Microsoft.Graphics.Canvas.UI.Xaml.h"
  

  Adjust the headers based on which Win2D APIs you need (e.g., Canvas.UI.h for non-XAML apps).

• 4. Link the required Win2D libraries
  NuGet should set this up automatically, but if you're getting linker errors, manually add the library:

  • Go to Properties → Linker → Input → Additional Dependencies
  • Add Microsoft.Graphics.Canvas.lib (the exact library name might vary by platform/configuration—check the lib folder in your Win2D package directory)

• 5. Match your project type to the Win2D package
  Mixing Win2D.uwp with a WinUI 3 project (or vice versa) will cause all sorts of compile-time chaos. Double-check you've installed the correct package for your project's framework.

Troubleshooting Common Errors #

• Unresolved external symbols: You forgot to link the Win2D library, or the library path is incorrect. Verify the Additional Dependencies and Library Directories in your linker settings.
• Header not found: The CppWinRT projection didn't generate correctly, or the generated directory isn't in your include path. Re-run the pre-build step and check the $(GeneratedFilesDir)\winrt folder to see if the headers exist.
• Runtime "type not registered" errors: You need to initialize Win2D early in your app. Add a call like winrt::Microsoft::Graphics::Canvas::CanvasDevice::GetSharedDevice(); in your app's initialization code (e.g., in App::OnLaunched).

内容的提问来源于stack exchange，提问作者user3743210