Linux下CSV文件加载前移除日期、加载后追加日期的实现方案

Got it, let's walk through exactly how to handle this renaming task in Linux—whether you want to run commands manually or wrap it up in a reusable script.

Step 1: Capture the Original Filename and Extract the Date/Time Part #

First, we'll store the original filename in a variable (this avoids typos and handles spaces in the name properly). Then we'll pull out the date-time suffix so we can reuse it later.

# Define the original file (replace with your actual filename, or make it dynamic)
original_file="zip_cost_03_08_2018 21_13_04.csv"

# Extract the date-time portion using parameter expansion (no external tools needed!)
date_part="${original_file#zip_cost_}"  # Removes the "zip_cost_" prefix
date_part="${date_part%.csv}"           # Removes the ".csv" suffix

After running these, date_part will hold the string 03_08_2018 21_13_04.

Step 2: Rename to the Generic Filename for Loading #

Now rename the file to zip_cost.csv so your data load process can use a consistent name:

mv "$original_file" zip_cost.csv

Pro tip: Always wrap filenames in double quotes to handle spaces and special characters correctly!

Step 3: Run Your Data Loading Process #

Execute whatever command or script you use to load the data. For example:

# Replace this with your actual load command
# Example: psql -d my_database -c "\copy zip_cost_table FROM 'zip_cost.csv' DELIMITER ',' CSV HEADER;"
echo "Running data load..."
# Add your load logic here

Step 4: Restore the Original Filename #

Once the load completes successfully, put the date-time suffix back:

mv zip_cost.csv "zip_cost_${date_part}.csv"

Make It Reusable: Wrap in a Shell Script #

If you need to do this daily, save the steps into a script (e.g., manage_zip_load.sh) so you don't have to retype everything each time:

#!/bin/bash

# Auto-detect the zip_cost file (make sure only one exists in the directory!)
original_file=$(ls zip_cost_*.csv)

if [ -z "$original_file" ]; then
    echo "Error: No zip_cost_*.csv file found!"
    exit 1
fi

# Extract date-time part
date_part="${original_file#zip_cost_}"
date_part="${date_part%.csv}"

# Rename for loading
echo "Renaming $original_file to zip_cost.csv..."
mv "$original_file" zip_cost.csv

# Run data load (replace with your actual command)
echo "Starting data loading process..."
# YOUR LOAD COMMAND HERE

# Restore original name
echo "Restoring original filename..."
mv zip_cost.csv "zip_cost_${date_part}.csv"

echo "All operations completed successfully!"

How to Use the Script: #

1. Save the code above to a file named manage_zip_load.sh
2. Make it executable:

   chmod +x manage_zip_load.sh
   

3. Run it:

   ./manage_zip_load.sh
   

Note: The auto-detect line (ls zip_cost_*.csv) works only if there's exactly one matching file in the directory. If you might have multiple, adjust the script to target the correct one (e.g., by modification time).

内容的提问来源于stack exchange，提问作者beckham