Matplotlib绘图出现AttributeError及数据处理问题求助

Hey there! Let's work through your Matplotlib issues one by one, I've got you covered.

1. 解决AttributeError: 'FigureCanvasInterAgg' object has no attribute 'tostring_rgb'错误 #

This error pops up because the default Matplotlib backend (Agg, which is non-interactive) doesn't support the tostring_rgb method. You already found one fix by switching to the TkAgg backend, but here are a couple more flexible options:

• If you just need to display the plot interactively:
  • First check your current backend with import matplotlib; print(matplotlib.get_backend())
  • Make sure your environment has a supported GUI backend installed (like Tkinter, Qt5Agg, etc.). If not, you can install the required dependencies (e.g., python3-tk on Linux, or Tkinter for Windows/macOS)
• If you don't need an interactive window and just want to save the plot:
  • Replace plt.show() with plt.savefig('monthly_money.png') — this works perfectly with the default Agg backend and avoids the error entirely.

2. 数据处理与绘图识别问题 #

Looking at your code, there's a tiny issue that might be causing data parsing failures:
When you split the line 1月: 7000 with split(':')[-1], you get a string with leading whitespace (' 7000'). Trying to convert this directly to an integer will throw a ValueError. Fix this by adding .strip() to remove extra spaces:

money = newContent.split(':')[-1].strip()

Also, your plt.legend() won't show anything right now because you haven't added a label to your plot line. Update the plot line to include a label so the legend makes sense:

plt.plot(x, y, 'r', label='Monthly Income')

3. 验证Matplotlib安装路径 #

To check if Matplotlib is installed in your current Python environment:

1. Run these lines in your Python interpreter:

   import matplotlib
   import sys
   print("Matplotlib path:", matplotlib.__file__)
   print("Current Python interpreter:", sys.executable)
   

2. If the paths don't match, it means you installed Matplotlib in a different Python environment. Fix this by:
   • Using your current Python's pip to reinstall: run python3 -m pip install --upgrade matplotlib (replace python3 with your actual Python command, like python or py -3)
   • If you're using a virtual environment, make sure you activate it first before running the install command.

修正后的完整代码 #

Here's your code with all the fixes applied:

import matplotlib.pyplot as plt

# 读取并处理数据
with open('notebook.txt', encoding='utf-8') as file:
    contents = file.readlines()

newList = []
for content in contents:
    newContent = content.strip()  # 一次性去掉换行和前后空格
    if newContent:  # 跳过可能存在的空行
        money = newContent.split(':')[-1].strip()
        newList.append(int(money))

print(newList)

# 绘图
x = [1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6]
y = newList
plt.plot(x, y, 'r', label='Monthly Income')
plt.xlabel('Month')
plt.ylabel('Money')
plt.legend()
plt.show()

备注：内容来源于stack exchange，提问作者algh404