Ubuntu 16.04.3下CMake安装ROOT成功但无法通过Makefile使用

Hey there! Since you're new to Linux and ROOT, let's walk through the most common fixes for issues when using a custom Makefile with your CMake-installed ROOT setup. Even though root launches fine, your Makefile might be missing key setup steps that the ROOT shell environment handles automatically.

Common Fixes to Try #

• First, load ROOT's environment variables before running make
  When you install ROOT via CMake, it doesn't automatically set up all required environment variables for every terminal session. The root command works because it's in your PATH, but your Makefile needs access to include paths, library paths, and compiler flags. Run this command in the terminal where you're trying to use the Makefile:

  source <your-root-install-path>/bin/thisroot.sh
  

  Replace <your-root-install-path> with where you installed ROOT (common spots are ~/root or /usr/local/root). This script sets variables like ROOTCFLAGS and ROOTLIBS that your Makefile needs to compile against ROOT successfully.

• Update your Makefile to use ROOT's config tool
  Your Makefile needs to pull in the correct compiler and linker flags from ROOT. A basic working setup should include these lines:

  CXX = g++
  CXXFLAGS = -Wall -O2 `root-config --cflags`
  LDFLAGS = `root-config --libs`
  
  # Example rule for a ROOT-based program
  my_root_program: my_root_program.cpp
      $(CXX) $(CXXFLAGS) -o $@ $^ $(LDFLAGS)
  

  The root-config --cflags command grabs all the include paths ROOT uses, while root-config --libs provides the necessary linker flags and library references. If your Makefile doesn't use these, it won't be able to find ROOT's headers or libraries.

• Verify ROOT's installation path is correct
  Run root-config --prefix in your terminal. This should output the directory where ROOT is installed. Make sure this path is accessible (you have read permissions) and that your Makefile isn't hardcoding a different, incorrect path.

• Double-check Ubuntu dependencies
  Ubuntu 16.04 has some older default packages, and ROOT relies on several system libraries. If you get errors about missing headers or libraries, install these core prerequisites first:

  sudo apt-get install build-essential libx11-dev libxpm-dev libxft-dev libxext-dev
  

  If you installed ROOT with extra features (like Python support), you'll need the corresponding dev packages (e.g., python-dev) too.

If you can share the exact error messages you get when running make, plus the content of your Makefile, we can pinpoint the exact issue much faster!

内容的提问来源于stack exchange，提问作者user799429