求助：Ubuntu 16.04中创建新用户FTP登录的简易方法

Hey there! Let's get this FTP access sorted out for your new user on Ubuntu 16.04—this is straightforward once you follow these steps using vsftpd (the go-to FTP server for Ubuntu):

1. Install vsftpd first #

First up, install the FTP server package. Open your terminal and run:

sudo apt update && sudo apt install vsftpd

2. Create your new FTP user (and set up their directory) #

If you haven't already created the user, do that now:

sudo adduser ftpuser

Follow the prompts to set a password (this is what they'll use to log in via FTP) — you can skip the optional personal info by hitting Enter.

Next, we'll set up a restricted directory structure so the user can't browse outside their own space:

# Create the main FTP root directory
sudo mkdir -p /home/ftpuser/ftp
# Lock down the root so they can't delete or modify it
sudo chown nobody:nogroup /home/ftpuser/ftp
sudo chmod a-w /home/ftpuser/ftp
# Create a subdirectory they can write files to
sudo mkdir /home/ftpuser/ftp/files
sudo chown ftpuser:ftpuser /home/ftpuser/ftp/files

3. Tweak the vsftpd configuration #

First, back up the original config file just in case:

sudo cp /etc/vsftpd.conf /etc/vsftpd.conf.bak

Now open the config file with nano:

sudo nano /etc/vsftpd.conf

Find and modify/add these lines (you can use Ctrl+W to search for existing ones):

• Set anonymous_enable=NO (blocks anonymous FTP access, which is safer)
• Make sure local_enable=YES (allows local users like your new ftpuser to log in)
• Add or uncomment write_enable=YES (lets the user upload files)
• Add local_umask=022 (sets default permissions for uploaded files)
• Add chroot_local_user=YES (locks the user into their FTP directory)
• Add allow_writeable_chroot=YES (fixes a permission issue with chroot on Ubuntu 16.04)
• Add user_sub_token=$USER and local_root=/home/$USER/ftp (points the user to their dedicated FTP directory)
• Ensure listen=NO and listen_ipv6=YES (matches Ubuntu 16.04's default network setup)

When you're done, save and exit: press Ctrl+O, hit Enter, then Ctrl+X.

4. Restart vsftpd to apply changes #

sudo systemctl restart vsftpd

5. Open the firewall (if you're using ufw) #

If your Ubuntu system has ufw enabled (which is default), allow FTP traffic:

sudo ufw allow 21/tcp

Test it out #

You can test the connection right from your terminal:

ftp localhost

Enter ftpuser as the username and the password you set earlier. Try uploading a test file to the files directory:

put your-test-file.txt files/

If it works, you're good to go! You can also use any FTP client (like FileZilla) from another machine using your server's IP, ftpuser, and password.

That's all! Your new user now has restricted, functional FTP access. If you hit snags, double-check the vsftpd config file for typos — it's easy to miss a line or a comma.

内容的提问来源于stack exchange，提问作者Arun Kumar