Spring上下文初始化阶段Log4j2日志格式解析错误排查求助

我最近在给一个遗留系统集成Spring框架，目的是让系统结构更清晰，但有个硬性限制：程序的启动流程绝对不能改——因为这套启动逻辑关联了上百个任务，改动的话适配成本太高了。

目前程序是通过这个命令启动的：

java -cp program.jar ProgramMain -class_name "script" ...

我的ProgramMain类的main方法是这么写的：

public static void main(String[] args) {
        try {
            setEnvironmentVariables(args);
            ApplicationContext context = new AnnotationConfigApplicationContext(EnvironmentConfiguration.class);
            var className = context.getBean("className", String.class);
            var executionScript = context.getBean(className, ScriptInterface.class);
            System.out.println("Executing script");
            executionScript.setup();
            executionScript.run();
            System.exit(0);
        } catch (Exception e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
            System.exit(1);
        }
    }

功能上一切正常，但日志输出里总是有一堆格式解析错误，而且这些错误是在初始化AnnotationConfigApplicationContext、加载EnvironmentConfiguration之前就出现的。错误日志精简后如下：

2025-02-17T13:38:44.732463534Z main ERROR Unrecognized format specifier [d]
2025-02-17T13:38:44.734027716Z main ERROR Unrecognized conversion specifier [d] starting at position 16 in conversion pattern.
2025-02-17T13:38:44.734713836Z main ERROR Unrecognized format specifier [thread]
2025-02-17T13:38:44.734788519Z main ERROR Unrecognized conversion specifier [thread] starting at position 25 in conversion pattern.
...
2025-02-17T13:38:44.742182084Z main ERROR Unrecognized format specifier [msg]
2025-02-17T13:38:44.742221296Z main ERROR Unrecognized conversion specifier [msg] starting at position 54 in conversion pattern.
2025-02-17T13:38:44.742265692Z main ERROR Unrecognized format specifier [n]
2025-02-17T13:38:44.742302840Z main ERROR Unrecognized conversion specifier [n] starting at position 56 in conversion pattern.
[main] INFO com.package.program.configuration.EnvironmentConfiguration - Setting up environment

最后那行INFO日志是EnvironmentConfiguration构造方法的第一行输出，可见这些ERROR都是Spring上下文初始化早期、还没加载我的配置类时产生的。

我先贴一下当前依赖树里和日志相关的部分：

[INFO] |  |  \- commons-logging:commons-logging:jar:1.1.3:compile
[INFO] +- org.apache.logging.log4j:log4j-api:jar:2.24.3:compile
[INFO] +- org.apache.logging.log4j:log4j-core:jar:2.24.3:compile
[INFO] \- org.apache.logging.log4j:log4j-slf4j2-impl:jar:2.24.3:compile
[INFO] |  \- org.slf4j:jcl-over-slf4j:jar:1.7.10:compile
[INFO] +- org.slf4j:slf4j-api:jar:2.0.16:compile
[INFO] +- org.slf4j:slf4j-simple:jar:2.0.16:compile

我检查过了，没有同类型Jar包多版本冲突的问题。而且系统其他地方用slf4j.Logger打日志都是正常的，比如这种输出就没问题：
[main] INFO com.package.program.scripts.AbstractScriptInterfaceImpl - Running TestScript

我试过调整依赖组合，目前找到的“最优”情况是只保留slf4j-api和slf4j-simple这两个依赖，这时只会出现一条错误：

ERROR StatusLogger Log4j2 could not find a logging implementation. Please add log4j-core to the classpath. Using SimpleLogger to log to the console...

最后贴一下我的log4j2.xml配置：

<Configuration>
  <Appenders>
    <Console name="Console">
      <PatternLayout pattern="%d{HH:mm:ss.SSS} [%t] %-5level %logger{36} - %msg%n"/>
    </Console>
  </Appenders>
  <Loggers>
    <Root level="info">
      <AppenderRef ref="Console"/>
    </Root>
  </Loggers>
</Configuration>

另外补充一下完整依赖树里的其他部分，供大家参考：

[INFO] +- me.tongfei:progressbar:jar:0.10.1:compile
[INFO] |  \- org.jline:jline-terminal:jar:3.24.1:compile
[INFO] |     \- org.jline:jline-native:jar:3.24.1:compile
[INFO] +- org.springframework:spring-web:jar:6.2.0:compile
[INFO] |  +- org.springframework:spring-core:jar:6.2.0:compile
[INFO] |  |  \- org.springframework:spring-jcl:jar:6.2.0:compile
[INFO] |  \- io.micrometer:micrometer-observation:jar:1.14.0:compile
[INFO] |     \- io.micrometer:micrometer-commons:jar:1.14.0:compile
[INFO] +- org.springframework.boot:spring-boot:jar:3.4.0:compile
[INFO] +- org.springframework.boot:spring-boot-autoconfigure:jar:3.2.4:compile
[INFO] +- org.springframework:spring-context:jar:6.2.0:compile
[INFO] |  +- org.springframework:spring-aop:jar:6.2.0:compile
[INFO] |  \- org.springframework:spring-expression:jar:6.2.0:compile
[INFO] +- org.springframework:spring-beans:jar:6.2.0:compile
[INFO] +- io.minio:minio:jar:8.5.12:compile
[INFO] |  +- com.carrotsearch.thirdparty:simple-xml-safe:jar:2.7.1:compile
[INFO] |  +- com.google.guava:guava:jar:33.0.0-jre:compile
[INFO] |  |  +- com.google.guava:failureaccess:jar:1.0.2:compile
[INFO] |  |  +- com.google.guava:listenablefuture:jar:9999.0-empty-to-avoid-conflict-with-guava:compile
[INFO] |  |  +- com.google.code.findbugs:jsr305:jar:3.0.2:compile
[INFO] |  |  +- org.checkerframework:checker-qual:jar:3.41.0:compile
[INFO] |  |  +- com.google.errorprone:error_prone_annotations:jar:2.23.0:compile
[INFO] |  |  \- com.google.j2objc:j2objc-annotations:jar:2.8:compile
[INFO] |  +- com.squareup.okhttp3:okhttp:jar:4.12.0:compile
[INFO] |  |  +- com.squareup.okio:okio:jar:3.6.0:compile
[INFO] |  |  |  \- com.squareup.okio:okio-jvm:jar:3.6.0:compile
[INFO] |  |  |     \- org.jetbrains.kotlin:kotlin-stdlib-common:jar:1.9.10:compile
[INFO] |  |  \- org.jetbrains.kotlin:kotlin-stdlib-jdk8:jar:1.8.21:compile
[INFO] |  |     +- org.jetbrains.kotlin:kotlin-stdlib:jar:1.8.21:compile
[INFO] |  |     \- org.jetbrains.kotlin:kotlin-stdlib-jdk7:jar:1.8.21:compile
[INFO] |  +- com.fasterxml.jackson.core:jackson-annotations:jar:2.16.1:compile
[INFO] |  +- com.fasterxml.jackson.core:jackson-core:jar:2.16.1:compile
[INFO] |  +- com.fasterxml.jackson.core:jackson-databind:jar:2.16.1:compile
[INFO] |  +- org.bouncycastle:bcprov-jdk18on:jar:1.78:compile
[INFO] |  +- org.apache.commons:commons-compress:jar:1.26.0:compile
[INFO] |  +- commons-codec:commons-codec:jar:1.16.1:compile
[INFO] |  \- org.xerial.snappy:snappy-java:jar:1.1.10.5:compile
[INFO] +- org.apache.commons:commons-text:jar:1.12.0:compile
[INFO] |  \- org.apache.commons:commons-lang3:jar:3.14.0:compile
[INFO] +- org.reflections:reflections:jar:0.9.11:compile
[INFO] |  \- org.javassist:javassist:jar:3.21.0-GA:compile
[INFO] +- com.inhouse.elasticsearch:elastic_connector:jar:7.9.1-0.8:compile
[INFO] |  +- com.fasterxml.jackson.dataformat:jackson-dataformat-properties:jar:2.8.6:compile
[INFO] |  +- org.elasticsearch.client:elasticsearch-rest-high-level-client:jar:7.9.1:compile
[INFO] |  |  +- org.elasticsearch.plugin:mapper-extras-client:jar:7.9.1:compile
[INFO] |  |  +- org.elasticsearch.plugin:parent-join-client:jar:7.9.1:compile
[INFO] |  |  +- org.elasticsearch.plugin:aggs-matrix-stats-client:jar:7.9.1:compile
[INFO] |  |  +- org.elasticsearch.plugin:rank-eval-client:jar:7.9.1:compile
[INFO] |  |  \- org.elasticsearch.plugin:lang-mustache-client:jar:7.9.1:compile
[INFO] |  |     \- com.github.spullara.mustache.java:compiler:jar:0.9.6:compile
[INFO] |  +- org.elasticsearch:elasticsearch:jar:7.9.1:compile
[INFO] |  |  +- org.elasticsearch:elasticsearch-core:jar:7.9.1:compile
[INFO] |  |  +- org.elasticsearch:elasticsearch-secure-sm:jar:7.9.1:compile
[INFO] |  |  +- org.elasticsearch:elasticsearch-x-content:jar:7.9.1:compile
[INFO] |  |  |  +- org.yaml:snakeyaml:jar:1.26:compile
[INFO] |  |  |  +- com.fasterxml.jackson.dataformat:jackson-dataformat-smile:jar:2.10.4:compile
[INFO] |  |  |  +- com.fasterxml.jackson.dataformat:jackson-dataformat-yaml:jar:2.10.4:compile
[INFO] |  |  |  \- com.fasterxml.jackson.dataformat:jackson-dataformat-cbor:jar:2.10.4:compile
[INFO] |  |  +- org.elasticsearch:elasticsearch-geo:jar:7.9.1:compile
[INFO] |  |  +- org.apache.lucene:lucene-core:jar:8.6.2:compile
[INFO] |  |  +- org.apache.lucene:lucene-analyzers-common:jar:8.6.2:compile
[INFO] |  |  +- org.apache.lucene:lucene-backward-codecs:jar:8.6.2:compile
[INFO] |  |  +- org.apache.lucene:lucene-grouping:jar:8.6.2:compile
[INFO] |  |  +- org.apache.lucene:lucene-highlighter:jar:8.6.2:compile
[INFO] |  |  +- org.apache.lucene:lucene-join:jar:8.6.2:compile
[INFO] |  |  +- org.apache.lucene:lucene-memory:jar:8.6.2:compile
[INFO] |  |  +- org.apache.lucene:lucene-misc:jar:8.6.2:compile
[INFO] |  |  +- org.apache.lucene:lucene-queries:jar:8.6.2:compile
[INFO] |  |  +- org.apache.lucene:lucene-queryparser:jar:8.6.2:compile
[INFO] |  |  +- org.apache.lucene:lucene-sandbox:jar:8.6.2:compile
[INFO] |  |  +- org.apache.lucene:lucene-spatial-extras:jar:8.6.2:compile
[INFO] |  |  +- org.apache.lucene:lucene-spatial3d:jar:8.6.2:compile
[INFO] |  |  +- org.apache.lucene:lucene-suggest:jar:8.6.2:compile
[INFO] |  |  +- org.elasticsearch:elasticsearch-cli:jar:7.9.1:compile
[INFO] |  |  |  \- net.sf.jopt-simple:jopt-simple:jar:5.0.2:compile
[INFO] |  |  +- com.carrotsearch:hppc:jar:0.8.1:compile
[INFO] |  |  +- com.tdunning:t-digest:jar:3.2:compile
[INFO] |  |  +- org.hdrhistogram:HdrHistogram:jar:2.1.9:compile
[INFO] |  |  \- org.elasticsearch:jna:jar:5.5.0:compile
[INFO] |  +- org.elasticsearch.client:elasticsearch-rest-client:jar:7.9.1:compile
[INFO] |  |  +- org.apache.httpcomponents:httpasyncclient:jar:4.1.4:compile
[INFO] |  |  \- org.apache.httpcomponents:httpcore-nio:jar:4.4.12:compile
[INFO] |  +- joda-time:joda-time:jar:2.10.10:compile

我实在搞不懂这些日志格式解析错误是从哪来的，调整了好几种依赖组合都没解决，有没有大佬能给点思路？谢谢了！

备注：内容来源于stack exchange，提问作者Fl.pf.