能否在Debian中配置与Windows 10一致的英-希伯来语键盘设置？

Absolutely! You can fully replicate that exact keyboard setup from Windows 10 on Debian. Below are step-by-step methods for both graphical desktop environments and manual configuration via the command line:

Graphical Desktop Method (GNOME as Example) #

Debian's default desktop is GNOME, so we'll start here:

• Open System Settings and navigate to Keyboard.
• Go to the Input Sources tab, click the + button, and add your preferred English layout (e.g., US English) and Hebrew (Hebrew) as input sources.
• Configure the input source switch shortcut: Head to the Keyboard Shortcuts submenu, find Switch to next input source, and set its shortcut to Alt+Shift (replace the default if needed). This handles the lowercase English ↔ Hebrew toggle you're used to.
• Set Caps Lock behavior: Return to the Keyboard settings' Typing tab, locate Caps Lock behavior, and select Make Caps Lock toggle uppercase. This setting applies to all input sources, so pressing Caps Lock will toggle uppercase for whichever language you're currently using—just like in Windows.

For KDE users, the process is similar:

• Open System Settings > Input Devices > Keyboard.
• In the Layouts tab, add English and Hebrew layouts, then set the layout switch shortcut to Alt+Shift.
• Go to the Advanced tab, find Caps Lock behavior, and set it to Toggle uppercase (ensure it's applied to all layouts).

Command Line/Manual Configuration Method #

If you're using a headless Debian system or prefer editing config files directly:

1. Open the terminal and edit the keyboard configuration file with sudo privileges:

   sudo nano /etc/default/keyboard
   

2. Replace the existing content with these parameters (adjust XKBLAYOUT if you use a different English layout, e.g., gb for UK English):

   XKBMODEL="pc105"
   XKBLAYOUT="us,il"
   XKBVARIANT=","
   XKBOPTIONS="grp:alt_shift_toggle,caps:shiftlock,grp_led:scroll"
   

   • grp:alt_shift_toggle: Maps Alt+Shift to switch between input sources
   • caps:shiftlock: Makes Caps Lock toggle uppercase for the active language
   • grp_led:scroll (optional): Uses the Scroll Lock LED to indicate which input source is active
3. Save the file (press Ctrl+O, hit Enter, then Ctrl+X to exit nano), then apply the changes by running:

   sudo dpkg-reconfigure keyboard-configuration
   

   Or simply restart your system for the settings to take full effect.

Verify the Setup #

Once configured, test the behavior:

• Press Alt+Shift: Switches between lowercase English and Hebrew
• Press Caps Lock in English mode: Toggles between lowercase and uppercase English
• Press Caps Lock in Hebrew mode: Toggles between lowercase and uppercase Hebrew

This matches exactly what you had on Windows 10!

内容的提问来源于stack exchange，提问作者Arcticooling