Ubuntu 17.10升级/安装后无声音且音频设备异常问题求助

Hey there, let's work through this audio issue together—it's super frustrating when your system only recognizes one output device, especially when ALSA can see the rest. Here are some targeted steps to get your other audio devices showing up in PulseAudio and GNOME:

1. Reset PulseAudio Configuration #

Corrupted PulseAudio user configs are a common culprit here. Let's wipe and restart the service:

• Kill the running PulseAudio process:
  pulseaudio -k
• Delete the user-specific PulseAudio config directory:
  rm -r ~/.config/pulse/
• Restart PulseAudio:
  pulseaudio --start
  After this, run pactl list short sinks again to see if your missing devices appear.

2. Force PulseAudio to Detect ALSA Devices #

Sometimes PulseAudio's udetect module misses devices. Let's tweak its config:

• Open the global PulseAudio config file:
  sudo nano /etc/pulse/default.pa
• Find the line starting with load-module module-udev-detect and modify it to add a scheduling fix (often resolves detection issues):
  load-module module-udev-detect tsched=0
• If that doesn't work, manually add your ALSA device as a sink. First, get your device's card/device number from aplay -l (look for lines like card 0: PCH [HDA Intel PCH], device 0: ALC269VB Analog [ALC269VB Analog]). Then add this line to the config:
  load-module module-alsa-sink device=hw:X,Y
  Replace X with your card number and Y with the device number.
• Save the file (Ctrl+O, press Enter, then Ctrl+X) and restart PulseAudio again:
  pulseaudio -k && pulseaudio --start

3. Set ALSA Default Device #

Make sure ALSA is pointing to the correct audio device, which helps PulseAudio pick it up:

• Create or edit the ALSA config file for your user:
  nano ~/.asoundrc
• Add these lines (replace 0 with your target card number from aplay -l):

  defaults.pcm.card 0
  defaults.pcm.device 0
  defaults.ctl.card 0
  

• Save and exit, then restart your audio services or log out and back in.

4. Reinstall Audio Packages #

Sometimes a corrupted install causes detection issues. Let's refresh PulseAudio and ALSA:
sudo apt update && sudo apt install --reinstall pulseaudio alsa-base
Reboot your system after this to apply changes.

5. Check GNOME Audio Settings #

Even if PulseAudio detects the device, GNOME might not show it immediately:

• Open the Sound settings via gnome-control-center sound
• Look for the "Output" dropdown menu—your missing devices should appear here if the above steps worked. You can switch to your preferred device from this menu.

If none of these steps resolve the issue, share the full output of aplay -l and pactl list cards—that will help narrow down why PulseAudio isn't picking up your ALSA devices.

内容的提问来源于stack exchange，提问作者bartoliniii